Muscle Notes #1 (Joint Movement/Muscle Actions)

Fibrous joints, cartilage joints, synovial joints are _.

Synarthroses, amphiarthrosis, and diarthroses joints are _.

Where bones come together (vocab).

Joint (vocab).

On both sides (vocab).

Like a pillow (vocab).

Cartilage (vocab).

Ligament (vocab).

Through/apart (vocab).

Socket/peg in socket (vocab).

• Teeth in alveolar.

Like an egg white consistency (vocab).

Together, no movement (vocab).

Sandwich of fibrocartilage between hyaline cartilage (vocab).

• Compressible, resilient, strength with flexibility, intervertebral joints, and pubic symphysis.

• Binds parts of the skeletal system together.

• Permits bone growth.

• Can be immovable. slightly movable, or have a wide range of motion.

• Enables body parts to move.

Fibrous tissue located between the bones.

• Dense regular CT.

• Bones connected by ligaments.

• Minimal movement; dependent on length of the CT fibers.

Cartilage located between the bones.

• No joint cavity.

• Barely or not movable.

• Hyaline/fibrocartilage.

• Predominate in the appendicular skeleton.

• Bones are separated by fluid-filled cavity.

• Freely movable (diathrotic).

• Rich in nerves and blood vessels.

• 6 subtypes.

Sutures (skull), syndesmoses, and gomphoses are _ joints.

• Syndemoses: At distal tibia/fibula and radius/ulna ¨short¨ and ¨give¨.

• Sutures and gomphoses are ¨ very short¨ and ¨immovable¨.

• The middle of tibia/fibula and radius/ulna ¨medium¨ ¨slightly more movement¨.

• Synchondroses: Hyaline cartilage only.

• Epiphyseal plate, costal cartilage of the ribs and sternum.

• Symphyses.

Hyaline cartilage; covers and cushions joints.

Small synovial fluid filled space between the articulating surfaces of each bone.

• Can expand with inflammation.

Sleeve-like extension of the periosteum of both bones. Binds the bones together and strengthens the joint.

• Dense irregular CT.

Lines all internal surfaces of the joint not covered by hyaline cartilage.

• Secretes synovial fluid.

• Made of areolar loose CT.

• Secreted inner surface of capsule.

• Also found within articular cartilage.

• Slippery weeping lubricating fluid.

• Filtered from plasma.

• Rich in hyaluronic acid.

• Viscous when joints arent moving.

• Thins during activity.

• Reduces friction between cartilages.

• Prevents joints from overheating.

• Contains nutrients and phagocytes.

• Helps cartilage soak up synovial fluid.

• Move joitns through full ROM to activate the production of synovial fluid.

• Mobility in synovial joints improves quality of life.

• Most likely to develop pain and dysfunction.

• Fibrous cords join bone to bone.

• Assist joint capsule in holding bones together.

• Pain and proprioceptors.

• Capillary beds in synovial membrane produce blood filtrate that becomes synovial fluid.