Math SAT Vocab

The absolute value of a number is its distance from zero on the number line. It is always a non-negative value. For example, the absolute value of -5 is 5, and the absolute value of 3 is 3.

– a portion of the circumference of a circle

the bottom (and sometimes the top) of a 3-D geometric figure.

rectangular prisms and cubes, depending on dimensions

the point from which all points on a circle are equidistant.

a number that is a mix of real and imaginary

(a + bi, a is real and bi is imaginary)

3-D shape with circular base and a pointed top

provides an upper and lower boundary between which you are certain percent sure that the true value falls

binomials in the form of (a+b)(a-b)

in a row, without skipping terms

term of a polynomial that has no variable

(2x+7, 7 is the constant)

is a statistical measure that quantifies the relationship between two variables. It indicates the strength and direction of the linear association between the variables. Correlation does not imply causation, meaning that a correlation between two variables does not necessarily indicate a cause-and-effect relationship.

the ratio between the adjacent side of a given angle and the hypotenuse

3-D figure with two circular bases

getting smaller

a way to describe a polynomial by giving the highest exponent

(15𝑥 ^7 − 12𝑥 ^4 + 3𝑥 − 1, is a 7th degree polynomial)

money put into a bank account

distance from one side of a circle to another

all the values of x you can use in a function

(most will be infinite, must keep zero’s out of denominator)

individual items in a set

(the set {-7, 7} has two elements)

mathematical statement that includes an equal sign

equal to

something that is getting smaller at an ever decreasing rate.

represented by a curve that starts with a steep drop that then levels off

something that is growing at an ever-increasing rate.

represented by a curved line that starts flat, but eventually gets very steep

mathematical statement consisting of numbers, variables, and/or operations that has no equal sign or inequality

mathematical description of the relationship between two variables

side of a right triangle that is opposite of the right angle

value equal to the square root of negative one, represented as i

getting larger

all whole numbers and their opposites

(pos and neg #s, but no fractions or decimals)

points at which the graph of a function crosses over one of the axes

represented with the variable r, deals with banking, can be simple or compounded

triangle with 2 equal sides

a relationship with a constant slope

way to describe a level of uncertainty about a statistic

can be represented as + or - x number

largest value in a set of data

statistic of data, average

statistic of data, placing numbers in ascending order and selecting the middle number

smallest value in a set of data

mathematical equation that describes how variables relate to each other in the real world

a number or numbers in a set of data that don’t seem to belong with the other numbers

(much larger or much smaller)

a U shaped curve on a graph that represents a quadratic formula

two lines in the same plane that will never intersect

expression of a decimal or fraction as a number out of 100

two lines in a plane that meet at a right angle

number that represents the ratio between circumference of a circle and its diameter

irrational number, rounded to 3.14 of 22/7

all of the elements in a group

the result of multiplication

an equation relating to ONLY right triangles

a^2 + b^2 = c^2

result of a division

unit of measurement for angles

distance between the center of an circle and any point on that circle

A stat calculated by substracting the smallest value from the largest value

way to describe comparison of two separate measurements

(miles per hour, dollars per gallon, pages per minute)

a comparison of two numbers usually written as a fraction or in the form of a:b

any number that can be found on a number line

(positives, negatives, decimals, zero)

4 sided figure with 4 right angles

a geometric shape where all the sides are equal and all angles are equal

the number left over when you divide two numbers

may pertain to square roots or x intercepts in a polynomial function (set equation to zero and solve to find the roots of a polynomial)

subset of a population

process a researcher uses to collect data from a portion of a population

causes an equation to be true

a method of displaying bivariate data by graphing each pair of numbers as a point with an x and y coordinate

portion of the area of a circle

two triangles with the same shape, but not necessarily the same size, angles are equal but sides are proportional

right triangle, ratio between side opposite of a given angle and the hypotenuse

mnemonic device to remember the formula for sine, cosine, and tangent

all possible values of the variable

triangle with angles of 30 60 90 or 45 45 90

if you are given the length of any one of the sides, you can figure out the other two sides

stat that describes how spread out the data is

(low standard deviation means the data are gathered close to the mean, while a high standard deviation means that there are data points pretty far to the left and the right of the center)

result of adding to or mole values

multiple equations for which there are multiple unknown variables

data organized into rows and columns

ratio between the opposite side of a given angle and the side adjacent to that angle

line that touches a circle but doesnt go inside circle

(always perpendicular to the radius at the point of tangency)

trying to divide by zero

numbers that the variable is able to represent

method to tell if a graph represents a function

(vertical line)

measurement of how much space is inside a 3-D figure

an objects mass times the acceleration due to gravity

horizontal baseline in the coordinate xy plane

A two dimensional system in which the exact location of any point can be described by giving its distance from the baseline horizontal and vertical axes

the vertical baseline in the coordinate xy plane

another word for the roots or x intercepts of a polynomial function