Chapter 7

an official employed within a government bureaucracy

filling of administrative positions as a reward for support rather than solely on merit

The first United States civil service commission created to draw up, enforce rules on hiring, promotion, and tenure of office within the civil service

a merit based bureaucracy, excluding the Armed Forces and political appointments

A system of hiring and promotion based on competitive testing results, education, and other qualifications

the relationship between the bureaucracy, congress, and interest groups to achieve shared policy goals

webs of influence between interest groups, policy makers, and policy advocates

The set of issues in which policy makers focus their attention

The bureaucracy role in putting into action the laws that Congress has passed

The power to decide how a law’s implemented and to decide what Congress implied by passing the law

The process through which the federal bureaucracy fills in crucial details of a law

agencies announce a proposed set of rules and allow interested parties to weigh in

A process in which the bureaucratic agency settles disputes between two parties in a manner similar to the way courts resolve disputes

determining if a policy is achieving its stated objectives

The theory that regulatory individuals may dominate agencies with their own interests, and not by the public’s interests

bureaucratic decision and bureaucracy size & complexity

an agency created to keep tabs on executive branch implementation

supreme Court overturned the EPA’s limits on mercury, arsenic and acidic gases emitted by coal power plants

Food and Drug administration

created to protect the health of the US public, to ensure the quality of its food, medicine, and cosmetics

An agency's ability to make rules that affect how programs operate, and to force states and corporations to obey these rules as if they were laws

Congress holds the bureaucracy accountable by passing laws that affect the bureaucracy