Chapter 23 - AP World History

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What was the explosive growth of cities after 1900 that made the world an "urban place" called?

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39 Terms

1

What was the explosive growth of cities after 1900 that made the world an "urban place" called?

Global urbanization

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2

By 2017, how many megacities were there?

37

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3

What was the belief that employment opportunities and a better future awaited people in developed countries?

Labor migration

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4

What was it called when people moved often illegally and with few skills, to escape poverty?

Labor migration

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5

What program brought 4.5 million Mexican agricultural workers to America (1942-1964)

Bracero Program

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6

Cultural Globalization has heavy currents from what region to the rest of the world?

The West

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7

Japanese moga also means what?

Modern girls

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8

What was a warmer and often wetter period that began following the end of the last Ice Age known as?

Holocene Era

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9

What is the era in which humankind has been living for the past 12,000 years?

Holocene Era

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10

Who stated that during the Holocene Era, human environment was favorable to humans, making it the "garden of eden" era?

Earth scientist, Johan Rockstorm

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11

What term do scientists and environmental historians use to designate the contemporary era since the advent of the Industrial Revolution?

Anthropocene Era

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12

What does the Anthropocene era mean?

"Age of man"

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13

What had become the world's most pressing environmental issue by the early 21st century?

Climate change

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14

What chemical thinned out the ozone layer and also became illegal to be used?

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

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15

What is the 7 million square mile area of garbage in the North Pacific called?

Great Pacific Garbage Patch

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16

12 of 20 of the world's most polluted cities were in which country during 2004?

China

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17

The large cities, Beijing, Mexico City, Bangkok, Tokyo, Manila, and many more, have been measurably sinking over the past century because of what?

Groundwater depletion

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18

How much has the sea level risen since 1850?

8.5 inches

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19

In 2016, how many of the coral reefs died within Australia's Great Barrier Reef?

67%

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20

What triggered the 2nd wave of environmentalism in the beginning of the 1960s?

Publication of Silent Spring book

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21

Who wrote the book Silent Spring in 1962?

Rachel Carson

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22

What committed 195 countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in 2015?

Paris Climate Agreement

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23

What greatly increased agricultural output through the massive application of new chemicals and new technologies like tractors and mechanical harvesters?

Green Revolution

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24

How many waves of the influenza pandemic swept through the globe in 1918 and 1919?

3

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25

Around how many people died from the initial waves of the influenza pandemic?

Between 50-100 million people

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26

What disease sparked a 2nd global pandemic at the beginning of the 1980s?

HIV/AIDS

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27

Which disease spread primarily through sexual contact, contaminated blood products, or sharing of needles?

HIV/AIDS

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28

What is the full form of HIV?

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

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29

What is the full form of AIDS?

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

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30

In the 21st century, which new biological threats prompted international efforts to identify and track the spread of?

SARS, Ebola Virus, Zika Virus, etc

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31

What was a military piety hostile to secularism and religious pluralism called?

Religious fundamentalism

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32

What fundamentalist movement took place in independent India during the 1980s?

Hindutva

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33

What's the meaning of Hindutva

Hindu nationalism

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34

What is the full form of BJP?

Bharatiya Janata Party

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35

Who was India's first prime minister?

Jawaharlal Nehru

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36

What was a big factor for the decline of religious beliefs and practices?

Scientific culture

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37

What term was coined meaning the "simple recognition of the fact that one is black?"

Negritude

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38

What poet coined the term "negritude?"

Aime Cesaire

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39

When was the UN Declaration of Human Rights established?

1948

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