AP Computer Science Principles Semester 1 Exam Study Guide Vocab

Changing the base of a number involves converting it from one numeral system to another.

Base-16 numeral system. It uses the digits 0-9 and the letters A-F to represent values from 0 to 15.

Base-2 numeral system, consisting of 0s and 1s.

Base-10 numeral system, which is the standard system for denoting integer and non-integer numbers.

Base-8 numeral system. It uses the digits 0-7 to represent values from 0 to 7.

Basic unit of information in computing, representing either 0 or 1. A ____ consists of 8 bits.

Continuous and can take any real value within a range.

Discrete and represented using binary code, usually in the form of 0s and 1s.

Compression algorithms that sacrifice some data to achieve higher compression ratios. Examples include JPEG for images and MP3 for audio.

Compression algorithms that reduce file size without losing any data. Examples include ZIP for general files.

The smallest unit of a digital image. It represents a single point in a raster image.

Data representing images, often in the form of pixels with color information.

The amount of space a file occupies on storage, typically measured in bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, etc.

Creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary and artistic works, designs, symbols, names, and images used in commerce.

Legal protection granted to the creators of original works, giving them exclusive rights to use and distribute their work.

A licensing system that allows creators to specify the permissions for their work. Includes licenses like "Attribution" (BY), "Share Alike" (SA), "No Derivatives" (ND), and "Noncommercial" (NC).

A character encoding standard that assigns numeric values to letters, numbers, and symbols.

The modulus operator returns the remainder when one number is divided by another.

Data types in Python representing numeric values, text, truth values, and ordered collections.

A structured collection of data organized for efficient retrieval, typically using SQL in Python.

Understanding and interpreting information presented in graphical form, such as bar charts or line graphs.

The ability to convey information clearly and efficiently.

Individuals who fully concentrate, understand, respond, and remember what is being said in a conversation.

Individuals who listen without actively responding or fully engaging in the conversation.

Skills that go beyond technical knowledge, including communication, teamwork, problem-solving, positive attitude, work ethic, and flexibility.

The exchange of information between individuals or groups.

Collaborative effort by a group to achieve a common goal. Important in Python development projects involving multiple team members.

The process of finding solutions to difficult or complex issues.

Approaching tasks and challenges with a constructive and optimistic mindset, crucial in Python development and any other field.

Demonstrating a strong commitment to completing tasks with integrity and excellence.

Adaptability to changes and the ability to work with diverse technologies.

A visual representation of information or data designed to make complex information easily understandable.

A digital object or creation, often produced as a result of digital processes.

"Share Alike" (SA), "No Derivatives" (ND), "Attribution" (BY), "Noncommercial" (NC)

Different types of licenses provided by Creative Commons, indicating permissions and restrictions for using and sharing creative works.

1. Add More Code

   Expanding the code to include additional functionality or features.

2. Debug the Program

   Identifying and fixing errors or bugs in the code using debugging tools and techniques.

3. Change a Variable to Adjust the Desired Output

   Modifying the value of a variable to achieve a different result or behavior.

4. Add Breakpoints

   Placing points in the code where the program will pause, allowing the developer to inspect the code and variables at that point

Delay or interruption in the loading or rendering of a web page.

The process of following the execution flow of a program step by step for debugging or analysis.

Reviewing code for errors, inconsistencies, or improvements.

The process of identifying and fixing errors or bugs in a program.

Undoing changes or modifications made to a program.

The act of updating a program or its components to a newer version.

An event that disrupts the normal flow of a program, often requiring special handling.

An error in the logic or reasoning of a program, leading to incorrect results.

An error in the syntax (structure) of the code, preventing it from being interpreted or executed.

Visual representations of algorithms using different shapes to represent different steps or actions.

Repeating a set of instructions or steps in a program, often using loops in Python.

Executing a series of steps or instructions in a specific order.

Making decisions in a program based on conditions, often implemented with if statements in Python.

A type of loop in that iterates over a sequence (e.g., a list) a specific number of times.

Conditional statements used to make decisions based on specified conditions.

A method in Python used to add elements to the end of a list.

While the arrow (`=>`) is not used as an assignment operator in Python, it is commonly used in other languages like JavaScript for functions and arrow functions.