Unit 1 Chemistry of Life

Compound that donates a proton (H+) when dissolved in a solution

Energy input necessary to initiate a chemical reaction

Molecule that makes up proteins; compound of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur

smallest basic unit of matter

Compound that accepts a proton (H+) when dissolved in solution

molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; includes sugars and starch

substance that decreases reaction rate in a chemical reaction

process by which substances change into different substances through the breaking and forming chemical bonds

chemical bonds formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

protein that catalyzes chemical reactions for organisms

hydrocarbon chain often bonded to glycerol in a lipid

the portion of a molecule that is active in a chemical reaction and that determines the properties of many organic compounds

a fatty acid ester of glycerol

a clear, colorless, viscous, sweet-tasting liquid belonging to the alcohol family of organic compound

attraction between slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom

the binding of the substrate to the enzyme must cause a change in the shape of the enzyme that results in the proper alignment of the catalytic groups surface

compounds that do not contain carbon

chemical bond formed through the electrical force between oppositely charged ions

atom that had gained or lost one or more electrons

nonpolar molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and  oxygen; includes fats and oils

enzyme-substrate interaction suggesting the enzyme (lock) and the substrate (key) must fit exactly into one another

polymer of nucleotides; the genetic material of organisms

center of the atom, contains protons and neutrons

compound containing carbon

a molecule consisting of two or more amino acids

measurement of acidity; related to free hydrogen ion concentration in solution

substance formed by a chemical reaction

polymer composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds; folds into a particular structure depending on bonds between amino acids

substance that is changed by a chemical reaction

reactant in a chemical reaction upon which an enzymes acts

particles sticking together

a nitrogen containing organic compound