Unit 5: AP Human

timber, fisheries, and mineral and energy resources

requires lots of labor input, or is focused on a small plot of land, or both

requires limited labor input, or is spread across large areas of land, or both

where groups move seasonally not only to avoid harsh climates, but also to follow animal herds and walk to areas where native plants were in fruit.

agriculture based on the seasonal movement of animals from winter to summer pastures and back again

a practice where whole communities would drive their herds from one seasonal grazing area to another following an annual cycle that was repeated over centuries

grazing livestock in a single large area

where multiple crops and animals exist on a single farm to provide diverse nutritional intake and non-foods items

intensive mixed farming that provides for all of the foos and material needs of a household

occurs when there are low amounts of labor inputs per unit of land

necessity for survival via drying, pickling, cooking, and storage jars, leading to many cultural variations in food consumption.

form of extensive agriculture in which harvested crops are exchanged for currency, goods, or credit.

human interactions with nature (forestry techniques, fisheries)

order of predators that is used to describe several integrated human and mechanical inputs, from developing seeds to planting, to dinner plate.

occurs when one crop is planted on a plot of land and then switched to another plot in subsequent years

planting more than one crop on the same plot of land

underground water tables that gives water to irrigation farms

providing a sustainable farming system without sacrificing crop production

involves not plowing the soil so that the soil erosion is greatly reduced and soil fertility is increased, retaining natural vegetation

planting fast-growing crops alongside slow-growing crops, allowing harvest for fast crops before slow shade it out.

amount of crops or animals that can be raised without endangering local resources

in tropical rainforest regions with farmers shifting from one plot of land to another every few years as soil nutrients become depleted.

shifting animal herds between grazing pastures (popular in Africa, Middle East, Central Asia)

evaporation of water that can trap mineral salts on the surface soil layer. high daytime temps cause water vapor to be drawn out of the irrigated farmland.

where the shoots, stems, and roots of existing wild plants were collected and grown together

where the fertilized seed grains and fruits of plants were collected and replanted together

where plant varieties that thrived in different soil or climate conditions were cultivated

the areas where most of this early agricultural activity originated

occurred in the 1950s and 1960s when the tropical plant and animal hybrids and chemical fertilizers and pesticides began to be used in 3rd-world agriculture

synthetic hormone used in production of beef and milk

lace-scale extensive farms of several thousand acres/animals that are controlled by a single regional business

ill beef cows used for pet food or animal feed

local or regional geographic name for the product

ensuring small farmers and artisans are paid fair for products

farm owners who have city jobs but still own land in rural areas

programs where produce and other farm products are delivered directly to individual consumers

region around a city where fresh milk is delivered without spoiling

preservation method where milk is flash-pasteurized at high temps and under pressure to keep the water in to from turning to steam.

links between producers and consumers in the journey from raw material to delivery of finished product

when a single product or type of good accounts for more than 60% of its exports

land use is determined by how labor intensive the type of farming is

inverse relationship between value of labor and distance from the center of the model. (higher labor, closer to the center)

mathematical function that shows the changes in rent prices across model.