Ap Biology Unit 1 - metabolism🍓

An organisms chemical reactions

Break down + release energy

Ex: Cellular respiration

Build up + absorb energy

Ex: photosynthesis

Energy can not be made or destroyed, only transferred

Every energy transfer increases entropy of environment; biology decreases entropy in organism but increases in environment

Change in free energy (energy available to do work)

Total energy (delta H)

Measure of disorder (delta S)

Release energy (catabolic)

Absorb energy (anabolic)

catabolic, exergonic, spontaneous, -enthalpy, +entropy (cellular respiration)

anabolic, endergonic, non spontaneous, +enthalpy, -entropy (photosynthesis)

Adenosine triphosphate; adenosine, ribose, 3 phosphates (last phosphate bond unstable)

Last phosphate breaks off and bonds to another molecule energizing it (energy is released bc bonds are formed after they’re broken)

Using an exergonic process to power an endergonic one

Ex: ATP- 7.3 (until number becomes -delta g meaning exergonic and can run by itself)

ATP-hydrolized/metabolism- ADP + P

ADP + P- phosphorylation/cellular respiration- ATP

A substance that can change the rate of a reaction without being altered in the process

Ex: enzyme

Biological catalyst (usually protein)