Ap Human Geo Vocab-- Unit 3

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84 Terms

1

accent

The way people speak and how words are pronounced are different in different parts of the world.

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2

acculturation

The adoption of cultural traits, such as languages.

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3

Anatolian Hypothesis

Speakers of proto-indo european lived in anatolia during the neolithic era.

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4

animism

Belief that objects or natural events have discrete spirit and life.

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5

artifact

An artifact that is made by humans that represents culture.

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6

assimilation

People lose originating differentiating traits when they go to another culture/ place.

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7

autonomous religion

A religion that doesn’t have central authority but shares ideas and cooperates.

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8

boundaries

Invisible line that marks the states territories

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9

Branch (of a religion)

Large fundamental division within a religion.

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10

built environment

The tangible items that are built by humans.

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11

core-domain-sphere model

Model that shows culture traits that characterize the region is greatest.

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12

cosmogony

Religious beliefs concerning the universe

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13

creole

Languages formed by the combination of 2 or more languages.

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14

cultural convergence

Culture becomes similar in ways such as structure, technology and values.

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15

cultural ecology

The study of human adaptations to social and physical environments.

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16

cultural landscape

Attributes of an area to describe a place.

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17

cultural perception

People of different cultures will definitely observe and interpret their environment and make different decisions about its nature, potentiality and use.

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18

culture complex

Group of traits that define a culture.

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19

culture hearth

Place of origin with widespread cultural trend

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20

culture realm

Regin where traits maintain homogeneity.

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21

culture region

Functional region within common cultural characteristics

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22

culture trait

Specific customs that are a part of everyday culture.

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23

custom

Frequent repetition of an act of a group

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24

denomination

Division of a branch unifies a number of congregations in a single legal body.

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25

dialect

Regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary spelling and pronunciation.

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26

diocese

Unit of organization in the roman catholic church.

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27

environmental determinism

Philosophy of geography that stated human behaviors are a result of the surrounding environment.

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28

ethnic religion

Relate closely to the culture ethnic heritage and physical geography of a particular place.

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29

extinct language

Once used by people in daily activities but no longer used.

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30

folk culture (folkways)

Particular customs of a small group of people that make the group unique.

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31

fundamentalism

Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion.

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32

ghetto

Area of a city where people in ethnic minority are confined by government and economic and social obstacles that make it hard to ethnically exist outside of the place.

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33

globalization

Increasing connection of economic, cultural and political characteristics around the world.

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34

glocalization

Process which human culture spreads internationally while reinforcing certain local culture.

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35

habit

Repetitive act performed by one person.

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36

hierarchical religion

Religion which central authority exercises high degree of control

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37

ideogram

System of writing used in china or other east asian countries where each symbol represents an idea or concept rather than a sound.

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38

Indo-European

Language family that has all European languages in it.

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39

inhumation

Act of human burial

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40

interfaith and intrafaith

Interfaith- boundaries between worlds major faiths.

Intrafaith- boundaries within major religions.

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41

isogloss

Boundary line between two distinct linguistic regions.

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42

isolated language

Language that is unrelated to any other language but doesn’t belong to any language family.

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43

Kurgan Hypothesis

Initial spread of proto-indo european during 5th and 4th millennia BC.

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44

language

Way of human communication with others like them.

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45

language branch

Lots of languages related to a common ancestor derived from the same family.

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46

language family

Collection of languages through common ancestors long before recorded history.

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47

language group

Collection of languages within a branch, recent languages

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48

lingua franca

Language that has simple words from multiple languages so that people can understand one another.

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49

literary tradition

System of written communication.

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50

material culture

Anything that can be physically seen on a landscape.

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51

mentifact

Shared ideas, values and belief in culture.

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52

mono-, bi-, multi-linguality

Mono- speaks one language, bi speakers two languages, multi speakers several languages. Can understand people in said language and speak fluently.

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53

monotheism

Belief that there is only one god.

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54

national language

Language adopted by countries' governments conducting business and publishing of official government documents.

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55

nominalism

philosophical position that promotes that universal or abstract concepts do not exist in the same way as physical, tangible material.

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56

Nostratic Hypothesis

Hypothesized family of languages to several language families of eurasia and northern africa.

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57

official language

Language adopted by countries' governments conducting business and publishing of official government documents.

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58

orthography

Method of representing the sounds of a language by written or printed symboles.

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59

pidgin

Emerges when 2 or more languages join together in a small geographic area.

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60

pilgrimage

Voluntary travel to a sacred site to pay respects or to participate in a ritual at the site.

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61

polyglot

Using several languages

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62

polytheism

Belief in many gods

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63

popular culture

Culture not tied to specific location but rather  a general location

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64

possibilism

Theory that the physical environment sets limits on human actions but can adjust to the physical environment.

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65

sacred space

A place that is considered holy to some people.

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66

sect

Small group that broke away from an established denomination.

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67

secularism

idea that ethical and moral standards should be formulated and adhered to for life on earth

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68

sequent occupance

Notion that societies leave their cultural imprints on an area.

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69

shamanism

Form of tribal religion that involved the community of a religious leader,healer, worker of magic and so on.

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70

slang

Short lived language used in place of standard words.

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71

sociofact

Organizations of a culture that has influence on social behavior.

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72

standard language

Language used for government business education and large group communication.

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73

syncretism

Blending of cultures and ideas from different places along the globe.

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74

syntax

How words are arranged in sentences.

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75

taboo

Restriction on behavior imposed by social custom.

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76

toponym

Word for name but specific to locations.

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77

trade language

Language used between native speakers to they can trade with each other.

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78

tribal religion

Ethnic or regional religions customs under an organized religion but unique to the tribe.

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79

uniform landscape

Spatial expression of a popular custom in one location that is similar to each other.

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80

universalizing religion

Belief that systems are attractive to the population of the world.

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81

vernacular

Area that people believe exist as part of cultural identity.

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82

vernacular region

Emerge from someone’s informal sense of place; mind map

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83

vocabulary

Cultural landscape defined

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84

Zionism

Movement to unite jewish people of the group that lives in one area but want to be in the promised land

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