Studied by 16 peopleWho painted "Garden of Earth Delights"?
Bosch
Who created "Self-Portrait" of themselves in the Renaissance?
Albert Durer
Who painted "Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride"?
Van Eyck
Who sculpted David from marble?
Michelangelo
Who painted "School of Athens"?
Raphael
Who designed the interior of "San Lorenzo"?
Brunelleschi
Who painted "The Last Supper"?
Leonardo da Vinci
Who designed the "Dome of Duomo"?
Filippo
Who made a metal statue of David?
Donatello
Who painted "Tribute Money"?
Masaccio
What does Renaissance mean?
rebirth/revival
What is another word for a disagreement in the Church?
Schism
What was the reason for the Black Death?
Rats infested with fleas
French peasant girl in the Hundred Years War
Joan of Arc
What trading route help spread the Black Death?
Silk Road
What started because Agrarian citizens moved to the city?
Famine
The percentage of the European population who died because of the Black Death?
~50%
Why was it called the Black Death?
Created black and purple spots made on the skin
What impact did the Black Death have on the economy?
Supply and Demand issue
Who were blamed for the Black Death?
Jews
How did the Black Death compare in hotter climates?
Killed 3% in India
How have modern scientists tracked the Black Death?
Analysis of the genome
How were the dead buried in the Black Death?
Normal burial
What time period did the Hundred Year War last?
1350-1450
Who was the Hundred Years War between?
England and France
Why did the Holy Roman Church decline?
Authority Issue
Who was the Great Schism between?
Roman Pope vs French Pope Eastern Orthodox vs Western Byzantine
What did the Pope Boniface VIII declare when France wanted to tax the clergy?
Non-religious leaders cannot tax churches
What were the 10 big issues during the Great Schism?
Diff Social Structures, 2. Diff Cultures, 3. Diff Philosophies, 4. Diff Languages, 5. Geographical Distance, 6. Communion (unleavened bread), 7. Clerical Celibacy, 8. Politics, 9. Authority, 10. Inconoclasm (attacking/rejecting values)
Who created Divine Comedy?
Dante
Who created The Canterbury Tales?
Chaucer
What is divine comedy?
a story of a trip from hell to heaven
What is the Canterbury Tales?
29 pilgrims going to Thomas Becket tomb in Canterbury and telling stories along the way
What are 3 Tech Innovations from the Middle Ages?
Mechanical Clock, eyeglasses and paper, and gunpowder and cannons
Who made the best Mechanical clock from the Middle Ages?
Giovanni Di Dondi
Who were the wealthy Italian family in Florence?
The Medici
Who was a German realism painter in the Renaissance?
Albert Durer
Who was Petrarch?
Father of Humanism
What areas in Europe followed Lutherism?
Germany, Scandinavia
What areas in Europe followed Calvinism?
Switzerland, France, Netherlands
Who was the most important Humanism Christian?
Erasmus
What did Erasmus believe?
Believed that the works of Jesus should be the Churches doctrine
Who translated the New Testament to Dutch?
Erasmus
What did Thomas More write?
Utopia
Who wrote the 95 Theses?
Martin Luther
Who translated the New Testament to German?
Martin Luther
What did John Calvin believe in?
Predestination
What decision was made at the Council of Trent?
They reaffirmed the Catholic Church was in the right.
What was King Philip II of Spain's view of the Catholic Church?
Pro-Church
What was Queen Elizabeth of England's view of the Church?
She wanted compromise.
When did Christopher Columbus land in the Americas?
1492
What was the Cape of Good Hope?
Dutch East India Co. supply base on the southern tip of Africa that eventually became a colony.
What were negatives of trading in the East?
Tolls, fluctuating currencies, theft and pirates, Portugal's monopoly on spices
Motivation for Crossing the Atlantic
Trade, 2. Resources, 3. Religion, 4. Competition, 5. Imperialism, 6. Self pride, 7. Adventure, 8. Curiosity, 9. Exploitation, 10. Opportunity
What does imperialism mean?
Exerting control or authority over another whether political, economical, cultural, or religiously without legally taking over
Mercantilism
Export more than you import; amass all the wealth possible
What did Christopher Columbus explore?
Caribbean and Central America mainland
What did Cabot explore?
New England coastline
What did Vespucci and Cabral explore?
South America
What did Balboa explore?
Panama and parts of the Pacific Ocean
What did Magellan explore?
Tip of South America and Philippine Islands
What major accomplishment did Magellan achieve?
First to circumnavigate the world
What was the first British colony in the Americas?
Jamestown, Virginia 1607
What did the Colombian exchange trade?
Goods for goods
What did the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade (triangle) exchange?
Goods for humans
What good was exported the most in the Transatlantic Slave Trade?
Sugarcane
What were Spanish Conquistadors goal?
"God, Gold, and Glory" ; pillagers
Who were the Mayans?
Known for art, temples, pyramids, farming, Mayan calendar
What was the Mayan calendar?
Extremely accurate and unique calendar
Who were the Aztecs?
Great warriors
Who were the Incas?
Great builders
What were positives of European expansion?
Expansion of wealth from world trade, exchange of goods, discovery, and spread of Christianity
What were negatives of European expansion?
Greed, pillaging, enslavement, repression of natives
What was humanism?
An intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements
Who was the 30 years war between?
Catholics and Protestants
What were indulgences?
People could pay money and be freed of their sins.
Renaissance Papacy
The line of popes from the end of the Great Schism to the Reformation; seen as corrupt
What did higher ups in the Roman Catholic Church do for friends and family?
Nepotism
What is absolutism?
a system of government in which a ruler holds total power
Baroque Art
Started after the Renaissance; exaggerated detail
What are boyars?
Russian nobles
What is a pogrom?
organized violence against Jews
Who painted the Birth of Venus?
Botticelli
Who wrote "The Prince"?
Machiavelli
What did John Hus believe?
urged the elemination of the corruption of the clergy
Who were the Huguenots?
French Protestants influenced by John Calvin
What was secularism?
A doctrine that rejects religion and religious considerations.
What was the Catholic Inquisition?
tribunal for investigating and prosecuting charges of heresy
What was the Third Estate?
3 estate, the bourgeois (middle class), the laborers and peasants, 97% of population, did pay taxes; lead to peasant revolt
How many slaves were sent to the Americas in the Transatlantic Slave Trade?
At least 10 million
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