Unit 1 Global Tapestry APWH

The oldest polytheistic religion in South and Southeast Asia, characterized by a belief in karma, dharma, and moksha.

A powerful Hindu empire located in South India that flourished during the 14th to 16th centuries.

A group of Hindu kingdoms in North India known for their valor and chivalry.

A medieval Islamic sultanate in Northern India established by Turkic rulers.

A towering minaret located in Delhi, India, built during the Delhi Sultanate period.

The act of actively converting individuals to a different religion through persuasion or preaching.

A language that emerged in South Asia, combining elements of Hindi grammar with a vocabulary derived from Persian and Arabic.

A maritime empire based in Sumatra that thrived by controlling trade through the Strait of Malacca.

A powerful maritime empire centered on the island of Java, known for its extensive sea trade and influence in Southeast Asia.

A land-based empire in Sri Lanka that initially followed Hinduism but later adopted Buddhism as its primary religion.

A land-based empire in present-day Cambodia that excelled in agriculture and irrigation systems, initially following Hinduism and later adopting Buddhism.

A renowned temple complex in Cambodia, built by the Khmer empire and dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu.

The merging or blending of different religious beliefs or practices, often resulting in the creation of a new religious or cultural system.

A land-based empire in present-day Thailand that rose to power by overthrowing the Khmer empire and promoting Hinduism.

A devotional movement within Hinduism that emerged in South India, emphasizing a personal and emotional connection with the divine.

An early American civilization that thrived between 250-900 AD. The Maya had 40 cities and a population of 10 million people. They were known for their advanced agricultural technique called slash-and-burn agriculture, as well as their active trade and decentralized city-states.

A farming method used by the Maya where they cleared land for cultivation by burning the existing vegetation.

A region in Central America where the Maya civilization was located. The Maya engaged in trade, exchanging goods such as cotton and jade.

Cities built by the Maya between 250-900 AD. These cities were characterized by their impressive structures, including pyramids, temples, and palaces made of stone.

Independent cities with their own governments, which were a prominent feature of Maya civilization.

Payments made to maintain unity in the decentralized Maya civilization.

A rigid caste structure in Maya civilization that consisted of kings, priests, merchants/artisans, and farmers/slaves. Maya society was known for its human sacrifices and rituals.

A writing system used by the Maya, consisting of symbols and characters.

Monuments used by the Maya to record written records.

A book made of bark paper used by the Maya to keep written records.

The decline of Maya civilization around 900 AD, possibly due to overuse of the environment.

An empire in Mesoamerica that rose to power. The Aztecs were known for their tribute system, decentralized structure, and the capital city of Tenochtitlan.

Floating gardens used by the Aztecs for agriculture.

A hierarchical society in the Aztec Empire divided into classes, including kings, priests, nobles, warriors, merchants/artisans, farmers, and slaves.

The cause of the decline of the Aztec Empire, which lasted for only 200 years.

An empire that originated as a small tribe in the Andes and expanded across the Pacific. The Inca Empire was known for its centralized government, economy, and extensive road networks.

The leader of the Inca Empire who brought stability to the empire. He is notable for his reforms and policies, including the absence of exams.

A labor system in the Inca Empire where people in specific age groups were required to work for the government.

A system used by the Inca Empire to record information such as census or tax using colored knots.

Corporative groups formed by families in the Inca Empire, each led by a chief.

The cause of the decline of the Inca Empire, which lasted for only 100 years.

Families governing themselves without central power

Local mediator of conflicts

Kingdoms that arose due to increased population and societal complexity

Prospering empire located near modern-day Nigeria, benefited from inland trade routes

Trade network that connected the Hausa Kingdom to other regions, facilitated by its inland location

Religion introduced to the Hausa Kingdom in the 14th Century, influencing its culture and governance

Kingdom that engaged in trade, exchanging gold and ivory for salt, copper, and cloth

Capital of Ghana with a centralized government, served as a major trading center

New trading empire that emerged after the decline of Ghana, known for its wealth and cultural achievements

Ruler of Mali who undertook a famous Hajj pilgrimage, showcasing the empire's wealth

Pilgrimage to Mecca, an important religious practice for Muslims

Played a significant role in determining a kingdom's wealth and cultural identity

Powerful East African empire known for its impressive stone structures and participation in Indian Ocean trade

Trade network that Zimbabwe was connected to, facilitating the exchange of goods and ideas

Cultural and linguistic blend of Arabic and Bantu influences in East Africa

Capital of Zimbabwe, protected by a thick stone wall and serving as a center of political and economic power

Flourishing kingdom that engaged in trade and gave rise to the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia

Christian kingdom in Africa with an independent form of Christianity

Characterized by the rarity of large, centralized governments in the region

Practice of enslaving individuals captured in war, debtors, or criminals, prevalent in both regions

Oral historians and musicians who preserved and shared stories through the use of instruments like the kora

Period in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire characterized by feudalism, decentralized governance, and social hierarchy

Period of significant improvement and development in Europe from 1000-1450, marked by economic growth, urbanization, and cultural advancements

Decentralized system of governance in the Middle Ages where land is exchanged for loyalty and military service

Supreme ruler, such as a king or queen, who grants land to lords in exchange for loyalty and military support

Land grants given by the monarch to lords in exchange for their allegiance and military service

A lord who serves the monarch and receives land (fief) in return

Warriors of noble birth who protect lords and the monarch, often associated with chivalry and the code of conduct

Lower-class individuals who work the land and serve the lord in exchange for protection

Conflict between the Pope and the King over the appointment of bishops and control of religious authority

Set of rules defining honor, courtesy, and bravery followed by knights in the Middle Ages

Economic system based on large land grants (manors) where peasants work the land and provide labor and goods to the lord

Peasants who are legally bound to the land they work and are under the control of the lord

Crop rotation system with three fields, allowing for more efficient use of land and increased agricultural productivity

Tendency towards increasing centralization of power by monarchs, leading to the decline of feudalism

Monarch who implemented administrative reforms and developed a centralized bureaucracy in France

Representative body composed of clergy, nobles, and commoners that advised the monarch in France

People of Viking descent who settled in northwest France and played a significant role in the Norman Conquest of England

Treaty signed in 1215 that limited the power of the English king and granted certain rights to the nobles

Institution that emerged in England, granting more rights and representation to the nobles and later to the commoners

Long conflict between France and England, characterized by territorial disputes, power struggles, and the rise of nationalism

Dominant Christian church in Europe during the Middle Ages, exerting significant religious, political, and economic influence

Split between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church, resulting in two competing popes and a divided Christianity

Series of European military campaigns aimed at capturing the Holy Land from Muslim control, motivated by religious and economic factors

Period of cultural and intellectual rebirth in Europe, characterized by a renewed interest in classical Greek and Roman culture, art, and learning

Intellectual and cultural movement emphasizing the importance of human potential, individualism, and secular achievements

Early medieval state centered in Kiev, Ukraine, known for its trade, political, and cultural connections with Byzantium and the Vikings

Son of God, preached equality, executed by Romans

Belief in equal treatment for all people

Vast empire facilitated the spread of Christianity

Process of adopting Christianity

Jewish religious rules no longer applied to conversion

Attempts to restrict Christianity actually helped its spread

Trade routes facilitated the expansion of Christianity

Christianity appealed to the poor, similar to Buddhism

Roman kings played a role in spreading Christianity

Foundation of Christian faith, belief in the Trinity

Christian belief in God the Father, Jesus Christ the Son, and the Holy Spirit

Process of joining the Christian faith

Christian day of worship

Christian ritual of consuming bread and wine

Only men held positions of power in the Christian church

Women worked as missionaries or nuns

Bishops of Rome, leaders of the Christian church