AP Human Geo Unit 2 (chapters 2 & 3) Vocab + Study Guide

A complete enumeration of a population.

A situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living.

The portion of the earth's surface occupied permanently by human settlement.

Total number of objects in a particular area.

Number of persons per unit of area that is suitable for agriculture.

Number of farmers per unit of farmland.  

The number of years needed to double the population.

% by which population grows in a year.

Measures the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live at current mortality levels. 

Total number of live births in 1 year for every 1000 people.

Total number of deaths per 1000 people in 1 year. 

The scientific study of population characteristics. 

Average number of children a woman will have throughout her child bearing years.

The process where a society's population goes from high CBR and CDR with low NIR to low CBR and CDR to low or negative NIR.

Countries began entering stage 2 of the demographic transition around 1750 as a result of major improvements in technology. 

Medical technology diffuses from highly developed countries to lesser developed countries.

CBR - CDR, thus resulting in a NIR of 0.  Found in stage 4 of demographic transition.

The number of males per 100 females in the population.

Number of women who die giving birth per 100,000 births.

Country’s population displayed by age and gender groups on a bar graph.

The number of people too young or old to work compared to the number of people of working age.

Annual number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age compared with total live births. Expressed as the number of deaths of infants per 1,000 births.

The number of working age people (15-64) divided by the number of persons 65 years and older.

The branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population at a special time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the affected locality. 

Focuses on the distinctive causes of death in each stage of demographic transition.

Disease that happens over a wide geographic area and affects many people.

Disease regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.

Burst in population around 8000 BCE when plants and animals were first domesticated, and less need to rely on hunting and gathering.

Age group categories found on population pyramids.

Movement from one place to another. 

Short term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis(i.e. your daily routine).

Migration from a country.

Migration to a new country.

The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration.

The process of moving permanently to a new location.

Permanent move from one country to another.

A change in the pattern of migration in a society that is a result of industrialization, population growth, and any other economic or social changes. It is comparable to demographic transition.

Migration where the migrant has chosen to move, especially for economic improvement.

Permanent movement, usually compelled by cultural factors.

Permanent move within the same country.

Movement from one region in a country to another.

Permanent movement within one region of a country.

Why people leave their present location.

Why people move to a new location.

People who have been forced to migrate from their homes.

A person who has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons as a refugee but has not immigrated to an international border.

A person who has migrated to another country in hopes of being recognized as a refugee.

The area subject to flooding (that gets flooded) during a given number of years, according to historical trends.

The rapid depletion of plant life and the loss of topsoil at desert boundaries and in semiarid regions. It is usually caused by a combination of drought and the overuse of grasses and other vegetation by people.

Environmental or cultural feature that hinders migration.

Transfer of money by workers to people in the country from which they emigrated.

More people migrating from urban area to rural area than the other way around.

Persons entering a country without proper documents.

Maximum limit on the number of people who can immigrate to the U.S. from each country.

The large scale emigration of people with specific talents or skills like doctors or engineers.

Migration to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality have migrated there.

Citizens of poor countries who obtain jobs in Europe or the Middle East.

The temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries to seek employment.

The existence of a closer, less expensive opportunity for a migration destination. Such opportunities lessen the attractiveness of more distant places.

Largest number of people that the environment of an area can sustainably support.

Thomas Malthus theory

a concern that overpopulation as well as overconsumption may increase resource depletion and/or environmental degradation will lead to ecological collapse or other hazards

A previously developing country has just recently emerged from a localized medical revolution. Knowing this and nothing more, what can you say for certain about the country’s future populations?

What was NOT true about Thomas Malthus?

Most migrants move only a short distance.

seasonal movement of livestock (such as sheep) between mountain and lowland pastures either under the care of herders or in company with the owners

to cause to go from one state of existence or place to another

An increase rate of migration

Agricultural societies with decreasing birth rates

invention of agricultural technology to boost value of food production

Increased Immigration

Unmarried men in their late twenties with no children and a university education

The new technologies would reduce positive checks on population.

Bangladesh has seen its total fertility rate drop to 2.1, but its population is pBangladesh’s population will continue to grow as a result of a large youthful population.

a curve that depicts growth; shape of an "S." The leveling off of a J-Curve exponential growth.

Structure of population in terms of age, sex and other properties such as marital status and education

methods of preventing conception