Unit 11- Astronomy

A inconceivably large explosion that generated billions of galaxies and sent them flying apart.

When object approaches- higher than normal pitch

When object moves away- lower than normal pitch

Increased velocity

Decreased velocity

Concept that the Earth is the center of the universe

Ancient Greeks, Ptolemy, and Brahe believed in this theory

Tried to explain retrograde motion

orbits – planets were believed to have circular pads because it was a pure and perfect shape however couldn't fit observations with Theory

Apparent Westward drift of planets with respect to the Stars

Was the first to have the idea of the Stellar parallax the apparent shift in the position of a nearby star that occurs as we view the star from different positions in the Earth's orbit he believes in the geocentric system the sun can't be the center because there is no stellar parallax

The apparent shift in the position of a nearby star that occurs as we view the star from different positions in the Earth's orbit

The concept of a sun-centered solar system

who believed? Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton

Laws of planetary motion

first law planets have elliptical path around the Sun

second law Revolution covers equal areas in equal times there for the planet appears to move faster in some areas

Third Law the farther the planet is from the Sun the longer it's Revolution

Telescope observations

observed four moons around Jupiter therefore not everything revolves around the Earth

planets are circular disks not just points of light

viewed an imperfect Moon and Sun

four phases of Venus

Laws of Motion

inertia is what keeps objects moving gravity is an attractive force between

two objects that increases with increasing Mass

decreases with increasing distance

inertia and gravity work together to keep objects revolving a long elliptical orbits

Large glowing balls of gas that generate heat and light through nuclear fusion in their core

The process in which two or more smaller nuclei land together and make one larger nucleus while releasing energy

our star system

great island of stars in space containing from a few hundred million to a trillion or more stars

4H (yields) 1HE + energy

A gigantic region of space where many individual galaxies and many groups and clusters of galaxies are packed closer together than elsewhere in the universe

the sum of all total matter and energy

blue, high mass, brighter, short life (8 million years)

red, smaller, dimmer, longer life (10 billion years)

large, cool stars of high luminosity

very large and bright stars that appear at the top of the HR diagram

how, compact corpse of low mass stars