T2 ★ Abbasid Decline + Spread of Islam to S/SE Asia (copy)

spread of Turkic tribes and Turkic languages across Eurasia between the 6th and 11th centuries

nomadic invaders from central Asia via Persia; staunch Sunnis; ruled in name of Abbasid Caliphs from mid-11th century

series of military adventures initially launched by western Christians to free Holy Land from Muslims; temporarily succeeded in capturing Jerusalem and establishing Christian kingdoms; later used for other purposes such as commercial wars and extermination of heresy

Islamic clerics; orthodox religious scholars within Islam; pressed for a more conservative and restrictive theology; increasingly opposed non-Islamic ideas and scientific thinking

mystics within Islam; responsible for expansion of Islam to southeastern Asia

spread of developments that took place in Southern Asia to Europe and elsewhere

central Asian nomadic peoples; smashed Turko-Persian kingdoms; captured Baghdad in 1258 and killed last Abbasid caliph

elected khagan of all Mongol tribes in 1206; responsible for conquests of northern kingdoms of China, territories as far west as the Abbasid regions; died in 1227, prior to conquest of most of the Islamic world

ruler of the Ilkhan khanate; grandson of Chinggis Khan; responsible for capture and destruction of Baghdad

Turkic slaves; established a dynasty in Egypt; defeated the Mongols and halted Mongol advance

third ruler of Turkish slave dynasty in Afghanistan; led invasions of northern India; credited with sacking one of the wealthiest Hindu temples in northern India; gave Muslims reputation for intolerance and aggression

first Islamic government established within India from 1206-1250, bringing Islam to India; controlled a small area of northern India and was centered in Delhi

Portuguese factory or fortified trade town located on the tip of the Malayan peninsula; traditionally a center for trade among the southeastern Asian islands

The House of Islam; a term representing the political and religious unity of the various Islamic groups

present day Spain; Muslim portion of European world

the transformation in agriculture from the 8th to the 13th century in the Islamic region of the Old World

immensely popular development in Hinduism, advocating intense devotion toward a particular deity

maritime empire that controlled the Strait of Malacca between India and China; grew wealthy from control of sea trade routes