abeka health 9 section 6.1

immunology

the study of the immune system (system that protects the body from foreign invaders)

immune system

system that protects the body from foreign invaders

pathogen

any organism (bacteria, fungi, virus, etc.) that can cause a disease

white blood cells (leukocytes)

the most important part of the immune system

phagocytes

WBC that attack and dispose of pathogens

lymphocytes

fight infected cells; secrete germ-fighting antibodies in the bloodstream

histamine

a chemical “alarm” issued when a pathogen invades the body; causes inflammation of nearby tissue

antibodies

protein molecules that travel to the bloodstream

antibodies

can fight pathogens by inactivating them or marking them for destruction

lymphatic system

the chambers of the body that transport the white blood cells throughout the body

tissue fluid

a liquid that helps maintain water content throughout the body

lymph capillaries

fill in the blank

excess fluid will pass through small tubes called ________ _____________

lymph

fill in the blank

once tissue fluid enters the capillaries, it's called _________

lymph

fill in the blank

pathogens in the body are picked up and carried by ________

1. vessels

2. ducts

fill in the blank

body movement forces lymph to move throughout the body in lymph __________ and lymph _______

lymph nodes

small organs scattered throughout the lymphatic system; “bases” for WBC

nodes

fill in the blank

pathogens are cleansed from lymph when it passes through the _______

tonsils and adenoids

lymph tissue in the throat

peyer’s patches

lymph tissue in the intestines

spleen

largest lymph organ of the body

fever

high body temperature that prevents pathogens from multiplying and speeds up white blood cells

bone marrow

produces WBC

liver

filters toxins from the body; can fail due to alcohol consumption

skin

fill in the blank

unbroken ________ prevents the majority of pathogens from entering the body