AP BIO unit 2

nucleus or membrane bound organelles

cell wall & membrane, ribosomes, flagella, small shape

nucleus and membrane bound organelles that preform specific functions, large shape

Mitochondria and Chloroplasts

separates and protects cell from surroundings (selectively permeable)

allows certain things to pass through

Made of phospholipid bilayer and protein channels

regulates transport in and out of nucleus

region of nucleus made up of ribosomes

complex of proteins and DNA

assembled in nucleolous, carries out protein synthesis

lacks ribosomes, synthesizes Lipids, stores calcium, produces carbs

ribosomes on surface that secrete glycoproteins, membrane factory of the cell, distributes vesicles

Modifies products of the ER, sorts packages and ships materials to transport vesicles

digestive organelles, breaks down food molecules

pumps excess water out of cells

formed by phagocytosis (cell uses plasma membrane to engulf large particle)

stores organic compounds and water

makes ATP from cellular respiration

site of photosynthesis, contains green chlorophyll

membranous sacks in Chloroplasts

internal fluid of Chloroplasts

network of fibers that supports cell and maintains shape

assemble spindle fibers during cell division (each has pair of centrioles)

made of cellulose fibers to protect cells

Make energy, proteins, and more cells

loosely bound to surface of membrane

penetrate bilayer across whole membrane

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed

Entropy (disorder) of universe is increasing

Entropy is constant as temp approaches zero

Movement from high to low concentration

High to Low, no energy needed

High to Low through protein channels, no energy needed

Low to High through protein pump, energy needed

diffusion of water from High to Low

more solute, less water

less solute, more water

equal solute and water

Lysed (animal), Turgid (plant)

Normal (animal), Flaccid (plant)

Shriveled (animal), Plasmolyzed (plant)

taking in

expelling

Cell wall, chloroplasts large central vacole

Centrioles