Psychology
Study of mental processes
Structuralism
Early school of thought based on the idea of introspection.
Functionalism
Early school of thought formed as an antithesis to structuralism and focused on the more practical functions and purposes for behavior.
Early Behaviorism
Early school of thought that focuses on how we think affects behavior.
Gestalt
Psychological theory that focuses on how people perceive and interpret the world as a whole, rather than the sum of its parts.
Psychodynamic
Focuses on unconscious processes and childhood experiences shaping behavior and personality. Think the iceberg.
Behavioral
Focus on observable actions and reactions in organisms, how they learn, interact, and adapt to their environment.
Humanistic
Focus on personal growth, self-actualization, and the inherent goodness of individuals. It focuses on subjective experiences and free will.
Evolutionary
Focuses on the theory that organisms change over time through natural selection, adapting to their environment for survival and reproduction.
Biological
Focus on how genetic factors influence the mind.
Cognitive
Focus on how the brain processes information and solves problems.
Socio-cultural
Focus on how interactions with society influence the mind.
Levels of Analysis
Different perspectives used to study behavior and mental processes
Biopsychosocial
Approach of considering biological, psychological, and social factors into health
Behavior Genetics
How genetics play a role in behavior
Nature vs Nurture
Debate on whether genetics or environment has a greater impact on human development and behavior.
Empirical
Based on observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic. Involves gathering data and evidence to support conclusions.
Critical Thinking
Analyzing, evaluating, and interpreting information to make informed decisions and solve problems effectively.
Hindsight Bias