Studied by 2 peopleOral Stage (Freud)
0-18 months
Pleasure centers on mouth
If you don't successfully pass through this stage as an infant, you might develop an oral fixation as an adult
Anal Stage (Freud)
18-36 months
Pleasure focuses on bladder and bowel elimination
If you don't pass through this stage as a child, you might develop a demand for control as an adult - being "anal"!
Phallic Stage (Freud)
3-6 years
Pleasure zone is the genitals
Freud claimed the Oedipus and Electra Complex occurred in this stage (Wanted to kill your same sex parent and sleep with your opposite sex parent)
Boys feared castration
Eventually, identification with same sex parent occurs
Latency Stage (Freud)
6-puberty
Dormant sexual feelings
Nothing going on here!
Genital Stage (Freud)
Puberty on
Maturation of sexual interests
Start becoming interested in other people
Jean Piaget
Developmental psychologist initially developed children's intelligence tests, focus on difference in thinking between adults and children
Schema
Concept or framework that organizes and interprets information
Assimilation
Interpreting our new experience in terms of our existing schemas
Accommodation
Adapting our current understanding (schema) to incorporate new information
Sensorimotor Stage
Birth to age 2, Infants use their senses and motor abilities to learn about the world around time (looking, hearing, touching, mouthing, and grasping)
Object Permanence
A child's ability to understand that objects still exist after they are no longer in sight
Preoperational Stage
The stage (2 to 6 or 7) during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic
Egocentrism
Inability on the part of a child in the preoperational stage of development to see any point of view other than their own
Conservation
The principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects
Centration
Refers to the tendency to focus on only one aspect of a situation, problem, or subject
Animism
The belief that objects that are inanimate (not living) have feelings, thoughts, and have the mental characteristics and qualities of living things
Concrete Operational Stage
The stage of cognitive development (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events
Reversibility
The ability to recognize that numbers or objects can be changed and returned to their original condition
Formal Operational Stage
The stage of cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts
Trust vs. Mistrust (Erikson)
Infants must learn that adults can be trusted (Birth to 18 months)
Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt (Erikson)
As toddlers begin to explore their world, they learn that they can control their actions and act on their environment to get results
Initiative vs. Guilt (Erikson)
At the preschool stage children are capable of initiating activities and asserting control over their world through social interactions and play
Industry vs. Inferiority (Erikson)
Children begin to compare themselves to their peers, develop a sense of pride and accomplishment or feeling of inferiority/inadequacy
Identity vs. Role Confusion (Erikson)
An adolescent's main task is developing a sense of self
Intimacy vs. Isolation (Erikson)
Develop and maintain successful relationships with others
Generativity vs. Stagnation (Erikson)
Middle-aged adults begin contributing to the next generation/society or little connection to others
Ego Integrity vs. Despair (Erikson)
People in late adulthood reflect on their lives and feel either a sense of satisfaction or a sense of failure
Note
Flashcard