Unit 2 Exam

Movement, Stability, and Contraction

1. They can only pull, cannot push

2. In order to move something, they must cross a joint

3. Contracts in one direction

Groups of cells or their products that perform a specific function

1. Epithelial

2. Connective

3. Muscle

4. Nervous

Layers of closely packed cells

1. Covers organ surface or form glands

2. Composes the skin

3. Protection, Secretion, and Absorption

1. Number of cell layers

2. Cell shape

Cells that occupy less space than the extracellular material

1. Cells

2. Protein Fibers

3. Ground Substance (protein + carbs + water)

Supports, Protects, Binds Organs together, and Storage

Tendons/Ligaments, Dermis, Blood, and Bones

Specialized cells that contract when stimulated

1. Skeletal

2. Cardiac

3. Smooth

Moves the skeleton and makes up organ walls

Cells specialized for communication via electrical/chemical signals

Detects stimuli, transmits information, and supports/protects neurons

Brain and Spinal cord

1. Tunica Externa

2. Tunica Media

3. Tunica Intima

1. Outermost layer of blood vessels

2. Made of collagen and elastic fibers

3. Anchors the Vessel

1. Middle layer of blood vessels

2. Made of concentric sheets of smooth muscles

3. Reduces/increases diameter of vessels (vasoconstriction and vasodilation)

1. Innermost Layer

2. Made of collagen and elastic fibers

3. Structural support

1. Elastic Arteries

2. Muscular Arteries

3. Arterioles

1. Arteries that transport blood away from the heart to smaller vessels

2. Made of elastic fibers

3. Able to withstand pressure

1. Arteries that distribute blood to skeletal muscles and organs

2. Made of smooth muscle cells

3. Distributes blood to organs/tissues

1. Connectors between arteries and capillaries

2. Muscle fibers made of smooth muscle, connective tissue, and elastic tissue

3. Regulates arterial pressure and tissue perfusion

1. Blood vessels that transport blood to the heart

2. Thin-walled compared to arteries and have large Lumen and valves

Connectors between veins and capillaries that recieve blood

Very thin-walled vessels that allows exchange between surrounding tissues/organs and connects arterioles/venules

1. Circumflex

2. Perorating

3. Anastomosis

4. Collateral Circulation

5. Recurrent

Arteries that “go around” extremities

Blood flow from one side of an extremity to the other

A direct connection between two vessels without passing through a capillary bed

An alternate vasculature pathway to body and Joints

Vessels that allow blood to travel back to a Joint or structure

Veins that share same name as Arteries

Veins that empty into deep veins and are usually uniquely named

Network of nerves located in the arm

1. Roots

2. Trunks

3. Divisions

4. Cords

5. Branches

Ventral Rami located between C5-T1

1. Upper

2. Middle

3. Lower

1. Anterior: Supplies flexors (anterior arm/forearm muscles)

2. Posterior: Supplies Extensors (posterior arm/forearm muscles)

1. Lateral Cord

2. Medial Cord

3. Posterior Cord

1. Musculocutaneous N

2. Median N

3. Ulnar N

4. Axillary N

5. Radial N

1. Biceps Brachii M (Short and Long Head)

2. Coracobrachialis M

3. Brachialis M

Flexes the forearm

Adducts and Flexes arm

Musculocutaneous N

1. Brachioradialis M

2. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus M

3. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M

4. Extensor Digitorum M

5. Extensor Digiti Minimi M

6. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris M

7. Supinator M

8. Abductor Pollicis Longus M

9. Extensor Pollicis Brevis M

10. Extensor Pollicis Longus M

11. Extensor Indicis M

Radial N

1. Brachioradialis M

2. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus M

3. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M

4. Extensor Digitorum M

5. Extensor Digiti Minimi M

6. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris M

1. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris M

2. Extensor Pollicis Brevis M

3. Extensor Pollicis Longus M

4. Extensor Indicis M

1. Abductor Pollicis Longus M

1. Brachioradialis M

1. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus M (2nd Metacarpal)

2. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M (3rd Metacarpal)

3. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris M (5th Metacarpal)

1. Extensor Digitorum M (Digits 2-5)

2. Extensor Digiti Minimi M (Digit 5)

3. Abductor Pollicis Longus M (Digit 1)

4. Extensor Pollicis Brevis M (Digit 1)

5. Extensor Pollicis Longus M (Digit 1)

6. Extensor Indicis M (Digit 2)

1. Brachioradialis M

1. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus M

2. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M

3. Extensor Digitorum M

4. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris M

1. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus M

2. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M

1. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris M

1. Extensor Digitorum M (Digits 2-5)

2. Extensor Digiti Minimi M (Digit 5 only)

3. Extensor Pollicis Brevis M (Digit 1 only)

4. Extensor Pollicis Longus M (Digit 1 only)

5. Extensor Indicis M (Digit 2 only)

1. Sartorius M

2. Tensor Fascia Latae M

3. Rectus Femoris M

4. Vastus Medialis M

5. Vastus Lateralis M

6. Vastus Intermedius M

Femoral N

Sartorius M

Rectus Femoris M

1. Rectus Femoris M

2. Vastus Medialis M

3. Vastus Lateralis M

4. Vastus Intermedius M

1. Vastus Medialis M

2. Vastus Lateralis M

3. Vastus Intermedius M

Tensor Fascia Latae M

Rectus Femoris M

1. Rectus Femoris M

2. Vastus Medialis M

3. Vastus Lateralis M

4. Vastus Intermedius M

1. Adductor Longus M

2. Adductor Brevis M

3. Adductor Magnus M

4. Pectineus M

5. Gracilis M

Obturator N

1. Adductor Longus M

2. Adductor Brevis M

3. Adductor Magnus M

4. Pectineus M

5. Gracilis M

Adductor Magnus

Gracilis M

Adductor Longus M

1. Tibialis Anterior M

2. Extensor Digitorum Longus M

3. Extensor Hallucis Longus M

Deep Fibular N

1. Tibialis Anterior M

2. Extensor Digitorum M

3. Extensor Hallucis M

Tibialis Anterior M

1. Extensor Digitorum Longus M (Digits 2-5)

2. Extensor Hallucis Longus M (Digit 1)

1. Subclavian A

2. Axillary A

3. Thoracoacromial A

4. Lateral Thoracic A

5. Subscapular A

6. Brachial A

7. Radial A → Deep Palmer Arch

8. Ulnar A → Superficial Palmer Arch

1. Femoral A

2. Popliteal A

3. Anterior Tibial A → Dorsalis Pedis A

4. Posterior Tibial A → Fibular A

1. Triceps Brachii M Long Head

2. Triceps Brachii M Lateral Head

3. Triceps Brachii M Medial Head

Radial N

Triceps Brachii M Long Head

1. Triceps Brachii M Long Head

2. Triceps Brachii M Lateral Head

3. Triceps Brachii M Medial Head

1. Pronator Teres M

2. Flexor Carpi Radialis M

3. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis M

4. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris M

5. Flexor Digitorum Profundus M

6. Flexor Pollicis Longus M

7. Pronator Quadratus M

Median N

1. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris M

2. Flexor Digitorum Profundus M (Only half)

Humerus

Carpals, Metacarpals, or Phalanges

1. Pronator Teres M

2. Pronator Quadratus M

1. Flexor Carpi Radialis M

2. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris M

Flexor Carpi Radialis M

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris M

1. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis M (Digits 2-5)

2. Flexor Pollicis Longus M (Digit 1)

Flexor Digitorum Profundus M

1. Biceps Femoris M Long Head

2. Biceps Femoris M Short Head

3. Semitendinosus M

4. Semimembranosus M

Semitendinosus M

Sciatic N