Chapter 6: Voice Disorders

________- voice that is both harsh and breathy, irregular vocal fold vibrations.

________ are abducted during a yawn and they are not fully adducted during a sigh.

________- provides objective data on a number of acoustic parameters.

________- clinician makes judgements regarding the pitch, volume, and quality of voice during a variety of tasks (sometimes recorded)

________ and the granulomas that develop at sites of ulceration arise at the vocal processes (on the vocal folds between the arytenoids cartilages)

________ involves physically moving the affected vocal fold closer to midline so that the unaffected fold can contact it during phonation.

________ to reduce vocal misuse /abuse, surgery.

________- partial loss of the capacity to carry out a voluntary movement.

Air is released and passes by the ________ segment and draws the walls of the esophagus into vibration, much like air passing through the true vocal cords.

The ________ can cause warts on the vocal folds.

________]- spread over a relatively large area of the vocal fold.

Pedunculated- ________ connected to the vocal fold by a narrow foot.

________- patient reports change /loss of voice but medical examination fails to uncover an organic cause for the problem.

________- air is routed from the lungs into the esophagus via a(n) ________ prosthesis.

________ form in pairs at the point of maximum contact along the length of the vocal fold where the amplitude of vibration is greatest.

Swelling

Soft Pallet

Loss of Voice

Reduction in Tissue

Increased Muscle Activity

Reduced Muscle Activity

total loss

abnormal

over/excessive

under/inadequate

to/toward

away from

excessive muscle tension

partial whisper

voice that is both harsh and breathy, irregular vocal fold vibrations

vocal folds in action

calluses that develop on the vocal folds

Blisters

small balloons connected to the vocal fold by a narrow foot

spread over a relatively large area of the vocal fold

Cancer of the larynx

partial loss of the capacity to carry out a voluntary movement

total loss of the capacity to carry out a voluntary movement

Cranial nerve cut in surgery (usually vegas), Stroke

strain-strangled voice quality, uncontrolled contractions of the adductor muscles

causes inappropriate contraction of the laryngeal abduction muscles, periods of aphonia

sudden abductions as well as sudden adductions

Botox into the vocal folds

patient reports change/loss of voice but medical examination fails to uncover an organic cause for the problem

mutational falsetto involves the continued use of a high-pitched voice by a post pubertal male

caused by inordinate tension in the laryngeal muscles

otolaryngologist, speech therapist

History (how voice disorder started, etc.)

clinician makes judgements regarding the pitch, volume, and quality of voice during a variety of tasks (sometimes recorded)

slow motion technique that allows the clinician to examine closely the movement characteristics of the vocal folds

provides objective data on a number of acoustic parameters

removal of the larynx (cancer)

air is actively injected down the esophagus past an area known as the pharyngeal-esophageal (PE) segment

esophageal speech is much lower in pitch

Drink 6-8 ounce glasses of water/day

harsh, breathy, hoarse