Studied by 22 peopleMatter
Anything that takes up space, has matter and can be detected by one or more
Density
The amount of mass something has per unit
Mass
The amount of matter in something
Volume
How much space something takes up
Weight
The measured gravitational pull on a mass
Solid particle movement
Particles vibrate and closely packed because it is a fixed structure, and has fixed volume
Liquid particle movement
Particles slide past each other and are connected, have no fixed structure but have fixed volume
Gas particle movement
Move around rapidly, colliding with each other and the sides of the container randomly, and have no fixed structure nor volume
Effect of applying hot thermal energy to a substance
The particles will speed up, as heat will give it energy, and they will spread out, and the substance will enlarge
Effect of adding cold thermal energy to a substance
The particles will slow down, as energy is taken away from them, and they will pack closer together, and the substance will shrink
Density in terms of mass and volume
Density= MASS/VOLUME (mass divided by volume)
Density in terms of the number of particles in a substance’s certain volume
The more closely packed together the particles are, and the more particles there are in a unit, the higher the density
Diffusion
The movement of particles from a higher concentrated area to a lower concentrated area to even out
Element
Simplest chemical forms. Cannot be broken down by non-nuclear reactions
Molecule
Two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
Compound
Molecules chemically bound together to form a substance
Mixture
Two or more non-chemically bound molecules
Homogeneous mixture
Uniform distribution of molecules
Heterogeneous mixture
Non-uniform distribution of molecules
Atomic number
The number of protons and electrons
Mass number
The number of protons PLUS the number of neutrons
Maximum number of electrons in one shell
2n^2
Number of valence electrons
Ones digit of group number
Number of electron shells
Period number
Physical change
Change in shape, size, state of matter, no new substances formed
Chemical change
Change in colour, smell, temperature, bubbles appearing, irreversible change, new substance formed
Melting
Solid to liquid
Evaporation
Liquid to gas
Condensation
Gas to liquid
Freezing
Liquid to solid
Sublimation
Solid to gas
Deposition
Gas to solid
Reactants
The substances undertaking the chemical reaction
Product
The resulting substance of a chemical reaction
Worded equation
REACTANT+REACTANT——>PRODUCT
Adding heat to a chemical reaction
Speeds up the rate of the reaction due to molecules gaining more energy
Note
Flashcard