APES Unit 2 Test

number of different species in a community

a count of how many species are in an area

number of how many individuals are present for each species

study of living organisms in their nonliving world

living time (ex:bacteria)

non living time (ex:rock)

the many and varied benefits to humans gifted by the natural environment and from healthy ecosystems

products obtained from nature that helps people (ex:water)

benefits obtained from moderating ecological processes (ex:air quality)

non-material, aesthetic benefits people obtained from the ecosystem (ex:shells, fishing)

necessary for production of all other ecosystem services (ex:water cycling, soil formation)

species → population → community → ecosystem → biome → biosphere

a group of individuals of the same species

a group of populations interacting together

a group of communities interacting together

another name for earth

survival of the fittest

level of salt in the water

medium levels of salinity : often occurs in wetlands where salt and fresh water mix

organisms interact with their inorganic surroundings on Earth to form a synergistic self-regulating, complex system : helps to maintain and perpetuate the condition for life on the planet

range of environmental conditions that are tolerable for survival in a species

a measure of human impact on Earth’s ecosystems : typically measured in area of wilderness or amount of natural capital consumed each year

community change that occurs with new and formation: lichen → moss → small shrubs → small trees → large trees → climax community

community change that occurs with land already formed

cut down of genetic diversity due to loss of individuals in a population

a species that is not known historically in an area (ex:cane toads in Australia)

a transitional zone between two communities (ex:intertidal zone, zone between a field and forest)

an organism’s job in a community

the offspring of two different species

a symbiotic relationship of a fungus and an algae

sprouting of a seed

species with the same niche in the same area cannot coexist

often a dominant predator whose removal allows a prey population to explore and often decrease overall diversity (ex: sea otter)

the preying of one animal on others

close external resemblance of an animal or plant (or part of one) to another animal, plant, or inanimate object

using oxygen

using no oxygen