World History Unit 1: The Global Tapestry 1200-1450

Tang dynasty

organization in which appointed officias carried out the empi’re policies instead of elected representatives since Qin dynasty

by scoring well young man can obtain highly desired job in the beauracacy

chna’s beauracacy

innovated in China, song dynasty made first guns

champa rice - from Vietnam, drought reisisten

Chinese farmers put manure

elaborate irrigation systems

growing pop

“black earth coal- produce greater amounts of cast iron goods. built stuff with steel

a set of economic changes where people n rural areas made more goods than they could sell,, different from industrialization - large-scale production in factories

_ home based , community based

allowed song dynasty to become prosperous in trading 30,000 miles

taxes, tributes

educated n Confucian philosophy most influential social class in china

confucan traditions included respect for women, defer to men FOOTBINDING,, banned 1912

chinese invented paper, woodblock printing

came to china from inda

the duty of family members to suboridinate desires to the male head of family or ruler,,, emphasis on respect of elders helped Song maintain rule in china

ephasized ethics rather than the mysteries of God and Nature

japan emulated Chinese traditions in politics art and lit

feudal society without a centralized government , similar to European fuedlaism

serfdom present, but with samurai (warrior)

buddhism for peasants, Confucian for elte

-arstocracy (highest class)
Koreancivil service exam not open to peasnats

all traded and learned with china, japan Korea, vietnam

vietnamese women greater independence in their marriage

nuclear families (just a wife husband and children

as tang dynasty feel, vietnamese rebels pushed out chiina’s occupying army

n Baghdad, scholarsc traveled there

arabs purchased slaves who were ethnic Turks to serve as soldiers and later as bureaucrats , in Egypt these mamluks took control establishing mamluks sultanate (1250-1517)

began conquering middle east, Seljuk leader = sultan

abbasds allowed christians to travil to holy cites around jerusalem

modern day iraqm major city controlled by abbasds

slamic scholars followed advice of Muhammed to by leardiniing many cultures carry on work, Greek lierear —> arabic

math texts from India transfer to eurpeans

paper-mkaing china, Europeans learned from them

GOLDEN AGE OF ISLAM

NASR AL DIN AL TUSI — astronomy, law, logic, ethics, mathematics, philosophy, medicine

sufi poet Muslim female writer,, poetry reflects contrast sufii and Muslim s

emphasized introspectction to gras ptruths thatthey believed could not be understood through learning

islam prohibits mono-thesit reliigion slaves

imported slaves from Africa, Kievan rus (Belarus Russia Ukraine) central asia

hijab, women could study but not in men company

inherit property, dowriess, divorce, new cties= new limitations

vijayanaagara Empire - began with two brothers who converted to islam

Rajput kingdoms - after Gupta , led by leaders of clans, no centralized government, hindu

muslim, lost power to MUGHals

tax for non-muslims

islamic architecture built during g dehli sultanate

new language devloped among Muslims of south Asia,, mix of Hindi gramer, vocab of Arabic, and elemtns ofFaris, official language of Pakistan

development Hindusimportance of emotion n their spiritual life, strong attachment to deity

cty-state, human sacrifices

tribute system , theocracy, hundreds of deites,

decline - low level of tech, insufficient agriculture, Spaniards 1519

tribel leader -pachacuti

mit’a system-mandatory public service

sun god- most important

decline - spanish

Nigera, formed 7 states, cty-states, trans-saharan trade,

g

sold gold ivory to muslims exchange for copper salt cloth and tools

m

traders blended bantu and arabic

christian, kingdom of Axum prospered in trading goods, spread of islam —> religious diversity

massive wall of stone, capital city, overgrazing damaged environment so residents left.

for protection

monarch grated tracts of land called fiefs to lords—> lords became a king’s vassal (person who owed service to high status)
Lords then provide land to knights—> kights now vassals

lords provide land and protection to peasants→peasants obligated to farm obey

large fiefs/estates reffered to as manors

produced everything that people living on t requred, limiting outside contact

homes of serfs → Ted to land

crops rotated through three fields

one was wheat, rye, food

second- legumes, peas, lentil, beans, made sol fertile added nitrogen

third, unused

england and France series of battles use of gunpowder weapons

series of European military campagsn in the middle east t

european army conquered Jersalem

last major one

italna explorer, discovered stuff about Mongols, stimulated interest n cartography

1/3 pop of eurpe dead lit

five-century cooling of climate, lower temp reduce agricultural producitivy , Jews faced scapegoatingJew

livined in muslm areas , antisemitism expelled in countries year by year m

faced discrimnation ottoman empire spread islam to balkn countries

period characterized by revival of interest in classical Greek Roman lit, art, culture and civic virtue.

humanism , focus on self rather than God