Muscular System

Movement toward the midline of the body

Movement away from the midline of the body

Decreases the angle of a joint

Increases the angle of a joint

Raising a body part

Lowering a body part

Circular movement around an axis

Circular movement of a limb at the far end

Movement that turns the palm up

Movement that turns the palm down

Movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle

Bends the foot downward at the ankle; pointing toes

Flexion of a limb or part beyond the normal limits

skeletal, smooth, cardiac

Narrow band of nonelastic,dense fibroids connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone

A band of connective tissue that envelops, separates or bonds together muscle or groups of muscles ; fascia is flexible to allow muscle movement

Long, slender cells that make up muscles; each muscle consists of a group of fibers that are bound together by connective tissue

More than 600 (40-45 percent of total body weight)

Walls of hollow organs, vessels, respiratory passageways

Wall of heart

Attached to bones

Tapered at each end, branching networks, non-striated

Branching networks, single nucleus, lightly striated

Long and cylindrical; multinucleated; heavily striated

Involuntary

Involuntary

Voluntary

Produces peristalsis; contracts and relaxes slowly; may sustain contraction

Pumps blood out of heart; self-excitatory but influenced by nervous system and hormones

Produces movement at joints; stimulated by nervous system; contracts and relaxes rapidly

- muscles hold the body erect & make movement possible
- muscle movement generates nearly 85% of the heat that keep the body warm
- muscle move food through the digestive system
- muscle movement (walking) aid the flow of blood through veins as it returns to the heart
- muscle action moves fluid through the ducts and tubes associated with other body systems

excitability, contractibility, extensibility, elasticity

Ability to receive and respond to a stimulus; in order to function properly, muscles have to respond to a stimulus from the nervous system

Ability to shorten or contract; when a muscle responds to a stimulus, it shortens to produce movement

A muscle that can be stretched or extended; skeletal muscles are often arranged in opposing pairs; when a muscle contract, the other muscle is relaxed and is stretched

The capacity to recoil or return to the original shape and length after contraction or extension

study of human body movement & physical activity

Antagonistic

Refers to working in opposition to each other

When one muscle contracts, the other muscle relaxes

The tightening of a muscle; the muscle becomes shorter & thicker, causing the belly (center) of the muscle to enlarge

Occurs when a muscle returns to its original form; the muscle becomes longer & thinner, the belly (center) of the muscle is no longer enlarged

The state of balanced muscle tension (contraction & relaxation) that makes normal posture coordination and movement possible

The stimulation of a muscle by an impulse transmitted by a motor nerve

Striped or banded appearance

Visceral

Myocardial

Pertains to the relationship between muscles and nerves

Exercises used to increase strength, flexibility and mobility

Active and passive

The patient is able to move all joints and muscles through his or her ROM without assistance.

The patient is unable to move all joints and muscle through his or her ROM without assistance.

Wavelike movement that propels the food through the digestive system

It is where the muscle begins and it is located nearest the midline of the body. Less movable part/attachment of the skeleton

where the muscle ends. It is the more movable attachment and it is the farthest point from the midline of the body

main part of the muscle (belly)

a muscle that moves a body part away from the midline

a muscle that moves a body part toward the midline

the muscle that raises a body part

the muscle that lowers a body part

bends a limb at a joint

straightens a limb at a joint

turns a body part on its axis

flexors, extensors, rotators, abductors, adductors, levators, depressors

lateralis, medialis, pectoral, external, internal

means toward the side

means towards the midline

means relating to the chest

on the outside

on the inside

rectus, oblique, transverse, circularis, sphincter

means in straight alignment with the verticle axis of the body

means slanted or at an angle

means in straight alignment with the verticle axis

shaped like a circle

a ring like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway

biceps, triceps, quadriceps

vastus, maximus (major), minimus, longus, brevis

huge

large

small

long

short

circular, and triangular

physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles

physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis and disorders such as osteoporosis, fibromyalgia, and tendinitis that characterized by inflammation in the joints and connective tissue.

physician who specializes in treating the causes of paralysis and similar muscular disorders in where there is loss of function

physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation w/ the focus being on restoring function

muscle

movement

heart

straight, normal, correct

pertaining to

head

away from, negative, absent

internal organ

watery flow, subject to flow

nerve, nerve tissue

toward, to, in the direction of

specializes in the prevention and treatments of injuries of the bones, joints, and muscles for athletes and other active individuals