Studied by 2 peopleTags & Description
devolution revolution
the effort to slow the growth of federal government by returning powers to the states
Federalism
Constitutional arrangement which divides the powers between federal, state, and other governments
dual federalism (layer cake)
Foreign policy and national defense is for the government, everything else is for the states
cooperative federalism
stresses relations between government branches to deliver services to the people
marble cake federalism
all levels of government are involved in all issues. No divisions
competitive federalism
The national, state, and local governments are all in a competition to give services and taxes.
permissive federalism
the amount of power shared lies on the national government’s permission
“our federalism”
Ronald Reagan’s belief that federal government is limited in favor of state government
unitary system
power is in a central government
confederation
when states create a limited central government with no direct authority
express powers
powers the Constitution grants to a government branch
implied powers
powers implied by the express powers
Necessary and Proper Clause (Elastic Clause)
Congress has the right to make all laws necessary and proper to carry out Constitutional powers
inherent powers
powers in foreign affairs that do not depend on the Constitution
Commerce Clause
Congress’s power to regulate business activities between a state and anyone outside.
federal mandate
a requirement to receive federal funds
Full Faith and Credit Clause
Each state must recognize civil judgements by other state courts
extradition
sending back a criminal to their home state if they escaped to another state
interstate compact
an agreement among two or more states approved by Congress
national supremacy
federal has more say over states
preemption
the right of a federal law to outlaw a state law
Centralist
people who favor federal government over state government
Decentralist
people who favor state or local government over federal government
Categorical formula grants
government funds for a specific purpose
Project grants
government funds for a specific project
state’s rights
powers expressly or implicitly for the states
block grants
government funds with no limits on how the money can be used
direct orders
a technique of Congress to establish federal regulations, if not followed, arrest will occur
cross-cutting requirements
requirements that apply to all levels of government when spending government funding
crossover sanctions
permits the use of money in one program to influence policy in another state
Total Preemption
Federal law overrides state law
Partial Preemption
Federal law adds to state law
creative federalism
similar to marble cake federalism
fiscal federalism
through different grant programs, all governments have some piece of marble cake powers
linkage institutions
the means where individuals can express preferences on the developing public policy
photo ops
photo opportunities set up by candidates to simplify political issues
sound bites
30-second statements on the news that simplify political issues
Note
Flashcard