IB PHYSICS Imaging

Thicker in the middle, converge light rays to form real images when rays cross, unless the object is at the focal point or nearer.

Thinner in the middle, diverge light rays, forming virtual images where rays appear to have come from.

Where parallel rays converge or appear to diverge after passing through the lens.

Measured in diopters (D), defined as the inverse of focal length (P = 1/f).

Form where rays converge.

Form where rays appear to diverge.

Calculated as the ratio of image height to object height (m = hi/ho = -v/u).

Causes distorted images due to the lens's inability to focus all rays at the same point.

Results from the lens's inability to bring rays of different colors to the same focus.

Experience less atmospheric interference, enhancing resolution through interferometry techniques.

The ability to distinguish separate points, often more critical than magnification.

Use converging mirrors as their objectives.

Offer advantages over copper, including lower attenuation and immunity to electromagnetic interference.

Uses wave propagation and reflection to create images of body tissues.

Utilizes proton spin resonance in strong magnetic fields to produce three-dimensional images.