4. Microbial genetics - PID

Composed of a nitrogenous base, five carbon sugar, and up to three phosphate groups

5 carbon sugar of RNA

5 carbon sugar of DNA

Structure composed of a 6 carbon ring nucleic acid

Structure composed of a 5 carbon ring joined to a 6 carbon ring.

Adenine matches with

Thymine matches with

Guanine matches with

cytosine matches with

(True/False): transcription is reversible.

(True/False): translation is reversible.

The strand of DNA that bears the same sequence as mRNA

The strand of DNA directing synthesis of mRNA via complementary base pairing

the sense strand is also known as the

The antisense strand is also known as the

DNA replication is _____________, meaning a new molecule will be composed of a parental strand and daughter strand.

A DNA sequence is read from the (3'/5') to (3'/5') end of the sense strand

DNA is (SINGLE/DOUBLE) stranded. RNA is (SINGLE/DOUBLE) stranded.

Thymine is replaced by _________ in RNA

The process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule

The synthesis of mRNA copied from the DNA base sequence by RNA polymerase.

The process by which RNA is used to produce proteins.

Eukaryotic cells are (MONO/POLY)cistronic

Prokaryotic cells are (MONO/POLY)cistronic

Prokaryotic cells have (NO INTRONS/INTRONS REMOVED).

Eukaryotic cells have (NO INTRONS/INTRONS REMOVED).

Eukaryotic cells have (SINGLE/MULTIPLE) RNA polymerase

Prokaryotic cells have (SINGLE/MULTIPLE) RNA polymerase

Eukaryotic cells have (POLYADENYLATION/NO POLYADENYLATION) at the 3' end

Prokaryotic cells have (POLYADENYLATION/NO POLYADENYLATION) at the 3' end

Eukaryotic cells have (METHYLATED CAP/NO 5' CAP)

Prokaryotic cells have (METHYLATED CAP/NO 5' CAP)

There are _ nucleotides in a codon.

A change in the sequence of DNA

A ____________ acts directly by modifying a particular base or being incorporated into the nucleic acid

A mutation can be either induced or

A mutation can be either spontaneous or

A mutation without apparent effect

A base change in DNA with no change in amino acid product.

A change in amino acid but no change in resulting protein function (neutral protein substitution)

Change in codon resulting in a change in amino acid and protein function.

Change from a coding codon to a stop codon resulting in premature termination.

Inserting or deleting a number of base pairs in multiples other than 3

Acquisition of new genetic markers by incorporation of added DNA by bacteria

"mating" between two bacteria involving transfer of genetic material

Transfer of bacterial genes from one to another by a phage.

Movement of a transposon to a new site on in the genome of a bacteria.