Unit 2 vocab: AP Human Geo

Money migrants send back to family and friends in their home countries, often in cash, forming an important part of the economy in many poorer countries.

The reverse of remittances; money that is sent from the family to the migrant located in different countries. 

Movement—for example, nomadic migration—has a closed route and is repeated annually or seasonally.

-involves shorter periods away from home

-three types (commuting, seasonal, nomadism)

Movement—for example, college attendance or military service—that involves temporary, resurrected relocation 

-involves longer periods away from home

-three types (migrant laborers, transhumance, military service)

A change in residence intended to be permanent.

The space within which daily activity occurs.

Movement among a definite set of places—often cyclic movement.

A common type of periodic movement involving millions of workers in the United States and tens of millions of workers worldwide who cross international borders in search of employment and become immigrants, in many instances.

A seasick periodic movement of pastoralists and their livestock between highland and low pastures.

A common form of periodic movement includes as many as 10 million United States citizens in a given year, including military personnel and their families, who are moved to new locations where they will spend tours of duty lasting up to several years.

Human movement involves movement across international boundaries.

The act of a person migrating into a new country or area.

Human movement within a nation-state, such as ongoingly westward and southward movement in the United States. (common in mobile societies.)

Human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate.

Movement in which people relocate in response to perceived opportunity, not because they are forced to move.

Developed by British demographer Ernst Ravenstrin, five laws that predict the flow of migrants.

1) Every migration flow generates a return / counter migration.

2) The majority of migrants move a short distance.

3) Migrants who move larger distances tend to choose big-city destinations.

4) Urban residents are less migratory than inhabitants of rural areas.

5) Families are less likely to make international moves than young adults.

A mathematical prediction of the interaction of places, the interaction being a function of population size of the respective places and the distance between them.

Negative conditions and perceptions that induce people to leave their abode and migrate to a new locale.

The effects of distance on interaction, generally the greater the distance the less interaction.

Migration to a distant destination occurs in stages.

-at each stage, a new set of pull factors comes into play 

-not all migrants from one place follow the same steps

The presence of a nearer opportunity greatly diminishes the attractiveness of sites farther away.

The act of a government sending a migrant out of its country and back to the migrant’s home country.

Types of push factors or pull factors that influence a migrant’s decision to go where family or friends have already found success.

The pattern of migration that develops when migrants move along and through kinship links.

Phenomenon whereby different patterns of chain migration build upon one another to create a swell in migration from one origin to the same destination.

Migration that takes place across international boundaries and between world regions.

A person examining a region that is unknown to them.

Physical process whereby the colonizer takes over another place, putting its own government in charge and either moving its own people into the place or bringing in indentured outsiders to gain control of the people and the land.

Interactions occurring within a region, in a regional setting.

Place built up by a government or corporation to attract foreign investment and which has relatively high concentrations of paying jobs and infrastructure.

The Soviet policy to promote the diffusion of Russian culture throughout the republics of the former Soviet Union.

Legal immigrant who has a work visa, usually short term.

-destination has the right to adjust the number of guest workers

People who have fled their country because of political persecution and seek asylum in another country.

People who have been displaced within their own countries and do not cross international borders as they flee.

- refugees, crossed one or more international borders during their move and encamped in a country other than their own

- IDPs, abandon their homes but remain in their own countries.

Shelter and protection in one state for refugees from another state.

A refugee or group of refugees returning to their home country, usually with the assistance of government or a non-governmental organization.

Acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group.

Laws and regulations of a state are designed specifically to control immigration into the state.

Established limits by governments on the number of immigrants who can enter a country each year.

The process to control immigration in which individuals with certain backgrounds (i.e. criminal records, poor health, or subversive activities) are banned from immigrating.