Pre-IB History Semester 1

The idea of human achievements

wrote The Prince : the end justifies the mean

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers

painted the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper

School of Athens creator

Built the bronze statue of david

Painted the Sistine Chapel

A person who excelled in many fields

The Praise of Folly

Wrote Utopia

Woodcutting, as well as his ideas that religion and mythology overlapped

Revolutionized the moveable type

Local princes get to chose religion for states

religious reformer who believed in predestination

95 theses

Pass to automatically receive salvation : must pay $

a form of Christianity that was in opposition to the Catholic Church

was the English King who declared himself head of the Church of England

Bloody Mary

She unified England and Expanded its international power.

Marriage never existed

church that King Henry VIII of England creates so that he can marry and divorce as he pleases

Wrote spiritual exercises and warned church of future problems

meeting of Roman Catholic leaders, called by Pope Paul III to rule on doctrines criticized by the Protestant reformers.

God, Glory, Gold

Founded school of navigation

Explorer for Spain who accidentally discovered the new world

set the boundary to define Spanish and Portuguese possessions in the Americas.

Discovered the cape of good hope

First European to reach India by sea

New dynasty who kicked the mongols out

Foreigners must pay gifts in exchange for protection

founded the Ming dynasty and erased the mongol past

Chinese Ming emperor who pushed foreign exploration and promoted cultural achievements

Chinese admiral during the Ming Dynasty, he led great voyages that spread China's fame throughout Asia

largest empire ever land wise

promoted Confucian ideas and policies

Expanded China to its greatest physical size

bend the knees and bow in a servile manner

time of warfare between different states

Feudal lords of Japan who controlled large amounts of land

ritual suicide

japanese lord who seized the imperial capital kyoto and sought to rule the empire by force

Daimyo who tried to control Japan, but failed due to trying to do too many things at once

United all of Japan

All daimyos stayed in the capital for one year and family used as hostages

Conquered the Aztecs

Conquered the Incas

native labor in exchange for food, shelter, etc

British vs France with most natives

the trading of goods for animal skins

English Puritans who founded Plymouth colony

want to purify the Church of England

First successful English colony

the buying, transporting, and selling of Africans for work in the Americas

the trading system between the Americas, England and Africa

African slaves had freedom, Americans did not

Food, livestock, other non human goods were exchanged

Economic system based on private ownership and invest resources for profit

Money equals power

King who took Spain, Spanish Netherlands, and American colonies from Charles V

Kings/queens answer only to God, not the subjects

Supported divine right of kings

Strongest family in the world

Campaign to get rid of Muslims and jews

Philip II's palace

Written by Miguel de Cervantes

Holy Roman Emperor

Weak king who got help from richelieu

Mass slaying of Huguenots (Calvinists) in Paris, on Saint Bartholomew's Day

document that granted religious freedom to the Huguenots

the idea that nothing can be known for certain

Young king who got help from mazarin

Uprising against Mazarin after imposing taxes to nobels

Sell more than you can buy

Palace of Louis XIV

This was the war between France and Spain in order to unite the two states under one ruler

France vs hapsburgs

Three men get yeeted out a window

the peace treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War

Maria Theresa vs Frederick the great

Fight over selazia

French and Indian War

Both ruled England but had money problems

Cannot throw people in jail without reason, cannot sent troops to private homes, cannot make martial laws during peacetime, cannot impose taxes without parliament consent

If only it worked lol

Royalists/Cavaliers vs Puritans/roundheads

General who led puritans to win

If charged with crime, go to court

the overthrow of King James II of England

Wrote on the revolution of heavenly spheres

Earth centered universe

Sun centered universe

both geo and helio: earth is centered and all planets revolve around sun, which revoves the earth

Fixed orbital movement of planets

Move in an elliptical orbit, speed is not constant, closer to the sun=faster

Revolutionized the telescope

Jupiter has 4 moons, sun has dark spots, moons surface is rough

Geocentric was represented as stupid and church got mad

To take back something