Forces and Motion

Balanced Force

forces that cancel each other out when acting together on a single object

Elapsed Time

the time that elapses or passes while an event is occuring

Force

a push or pull exerted by one object on another, causing a change in motion

Friction

a force that opposes the motion of one object moving past another

Unbalanced Force

forces that do not cancel each other out when acting together on a single object

Action Force

the push of one object onto another object

reaction force

the push of a second object back on the first object

Force

a push or pull exerted by one object on another, causing a change in motion

Unbalanced Force

forces that do not cancel each other out when acting together on a single object

Action Force

the push of one object onto another object

reaction force

the push of a second object back on the first object

Balanced Force

forces that cancel each other out when acting together on a single object

REFERENCE POINT OR FRAME OF REFERENCE

Place or object used for comparison to determine if an object is in motion.

SPEED

Distance an object travels in a certain amount of time.

FORMULA FOR SPEED

S = d/t

VELOCITY

Speed in a direction

FORMULA FOR VELOCITY

V = d/t direction

INSTANTANEOUS SPEED

Rate at which an object is moving at a given moment in time

AVERAGE SPEED

Total distance divided by total time

CONSTANT SPEED

Speed that does not change

DISTANCE-TIME GRAPH

Graph with distance on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis plus it displays motion of an object over time.

CONSTANT SPEED

Speed that does not change

Adding grease or wheels

decreases friction

force keeping planets it check

gravity

spring scale

instrument used to measure force in newtons

momentum

property of a moving object that equals its mass times its velocity

acceleration

a change in speed either up or down or direction

formula for force

mass x acceleration

Newtons first law

inertia. objects in motion or at rest will stay that way until an outside force is acted upon them

Newton's second law

force is equal to the mass x acceleration. Therefore, things with larger masses or larger accelerations will have more force

Newton's 3rd law

force pairs or for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

inertia

newtons 1st law

rockets are an example of which law?

Newton's 3rd law

larger objects will have more force is an example of which law?

Newton's 2nd law

air resistance

the friction of air experienced by objects falling through the air

drag

Resistance of the air (or water) against the forward movement of an object

reference point

the starting point you choose to describe the location, or position of an object

position

an objects distance and direction from reference point

motion

the process of changing position

displacement

the difference between the initial, or starting position and the final position

vector

a quantity that has both magnitude and direction

contact force

a push or pull on one object by another that is touching it

free body diagram

a model used to understand what will happen to an object due to force

net force

the combination of all the forces acting on an obect

force pair

the forces two object apply towards one another

normal force

a force that acts on a surface in a direction perpendicular to the surface

elastic collision

a collision between objects that causes them to bounce off one another

field

a region of space that has a physical quantity (like force) at every position

spring scale

tool used to measure force

free body diagram

a diagram showing all the forces acting on an object

flat line on a distance vs time graph shows

motion has stopped

Steep line (on distance time graph)

Object is moving quickly

gradual slope (shallow or gentle slope) on distance vs time graph

object is moving slowly

two things that acceleration depends on

force and mass

If two forces act in opposite directions, how do you determine net force?

subtract the forces

If two forces work in the same direction, how do you determine net force?

add the forces

Net force is greater than zero

object will accelerate in direction of larger force

net force is zero

motion of object will not change

Length of arrow; free body diagrams

shows the magnitude of the force