IMPERIALISM

An Indian soldier serving under British command.

a governor who ruled as a representative of a monarch

A movement and political party founded in 1885 to demand greater Indian participation in government. mostly the middle class

organization formed by muslims in 1906 to protect their interests against British Rule.

A philosopher from India he was a spiritual and moral leader favoring India's independence from Great Britain.

Causes: rumor that troops' new rifle cartridges greased with cow and pig fat (cow=sacred to Hindus, pig=taboo to Muslims), British put them in prison Effects: British Parliament transferred powers to the British government from the East India Company, Queen Victoria took the title, Empress of India, India became the Queen's "Jewel in the Crown", helped fuel Indian nationalism

India both benefitted and was harmed by British colonialism Benefits: brought order and stability in political systems, led to a fairly honest and efficient government Non-benefits: a new school system was made but only served upper class Indians, Indians paid a high price for peace and stability, greatest cost was economic (Indians suffered a lot financially)

they got motivated by their raw materials especially peanuts, timber, hides, and palm oil all in west africa. they also profited from the slave trade. after slave trades died down more they were mostly interested in more trades

king leopold II was the real driving force behind the colonization of Central Africa. He rushed enthusiastically into the pursuit of an empire in Africa

British policy in South Africa was influenced by Cecil Rhodes. Rhodes had founded diamond and gold mining companies that had made him a fortune.

native people could only have low-paying jobs, some people lost their right to mine the natural resources of their own country. they stood up for a movement because they were mistreated

david livingstone was a explorers, during his 30 years in africa he trekked through uncharted regions. he made notes about his travels

Henry Stanley had a strong dislike of Africa

To settle conflicting claims, European countries met at the Berlin Conference in 1884 and 1885. The conference Officially recognized both British and German claims for territory in East Africa.

Afrikaners—as the descendants of the original Dutch settlers were called—had occupied Cape Town and surrounding areas in South Africa since the seventeenth century

Raw materials Markets for finished goods Connection to industrializationIncrease patriotism Distraction from domestic tension European rivalries

went to south africa in 1871, brought claims in the diamond fields and he bought the rights to others’ claims when they look promising, in 1889, became prime minister of Cape Colony,

Letters were getting sent faster because of the steamships being more efficient with the Suez Canal Telegraphs

Population growth, Poverty, Foreign powers

The nativist group launched a series of attacks against foreigners, Chinese Christians and complicit government officials.

a group of revolutionaries in southern China led a successful revolt against the Qing Dynasty, establishing in its place the Republic of China and ending the imperial system

Westerners introduced modern transportation and communications, created an export market, and integrated the Chinese market into the nineteenth century world economy

British forces fought a war in China that benefitted drug smugglers

treaty that ended the first Opium War, the first of the unequal treaties between China and foreign imperialist powers

In international law, extraterritoriality is the state of being exempted from the jurisdiction of local law, usually as the result of diplomatic negotiations. Historically, this primarily applied to individuals, as jurisdiction was usually claimed on peoples rather than on lands

The Taiping Rebellion, also known as the Taiping Civil War or the Taiping Revolution, was a massive rebellion and civil war that was waged in China between the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Han, Hakka-led Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

In the field of international relations, a sphere of influence is a spatial region or concept division over which a state or organization has a level of cultural, economic, military or political exclusivity

The Open Door Policy is the United States diplomatic policy established in the late 19th and early 20th century that called for a system of equal trade and investment and to guarantee the territorial integrity of Qing China.

Sun Yat-sen was a Chinese statesman, physician, and political philosopher, who served as the first provisional president of the Republic of China and the first leader of the Kuomintang

Yuan Shikai was a Chinese military and government official who rose to power during the late Qing dynasty and eventually ended the Qing dynasty