Studied by 94 peopleTags & Description
which of the following adaptations in muscle fiber type composition is likely to occur in response to chronic anaerobic training?
the highest level glycolytic fibers transition to intermediate type 2 fibers
which of the following is a primary neural adaptation to anaerobic training?
increased neural drive and reductions in inhibitory mechanisms
as an adaptation to anaerobic training, which of the following is a benefit of the myostatic stretch reflex?
increased force production
if an athlete routinely performs 100 meter sprints as part of their anaerobic training program, they will likely
increase stored ATP - correct answer is reduce creatine phosphate levels but he hasn't emailed back
which of the following is an adaptation in tendons following several months of high-intensity anaerobic training?
increased packing density of collagen fibrils
which of the following is a hemodynamic response that occurs during 10 repetitions of the leg press exercise using 85% of 1RM?
venous return increases during the eccentric phase and decreases during the concentric phase
Jennifer has been training as a powerlifter for 12 years. She has a routine check up with her cardiologist. which of the following will the cardiologist detect during the exam?
increased left ventricular wall thickness
which system is the first to display altered function in the stages of overtraining?
nervous
hypertrophy of muscle strength can decrease the force exerted on bones which may result in a corresponding decrease in bone mineral density. (T/F)
False
as a result of low to moderate intensity anaerobic training does not markedly change the collagen content of connective tissue (T/F)
True
the effects of anaerobic training are related to
exercise selection, how much volume is prescribed, intensity level
power training (cleans, snatches, etc) with slow velocities of movement leads primarily to improvements in maximal strength (T/F)
false
which of the following terms does not fit with the others
conversion of type 2a motor units to type 2x motor units
following 2 months of high volume, high intensity resistance and sprint training, Mark experiences increased resting HR, increased resting BP, and is having trouble sleeping. These are signs of
sympathetic overtraining
jack has plateaued and has not shown progression in his program for several weeks. to "shock" the neuro-muscular system, his sports performance coach pushes Jack through 10 days of high volume, high intensity training, followed by several days of recovery. Then, coach puts Jack back on a traditional training program and he had noticeably more strength and power, requiring adjustment to his program. This is an example of
functional overreaching
when performing a plyometric exercise such as a box-to-box drop jump, in order to generate sufficient force in a limited amount of time (<200ms), which of the muscle fibers may be bypassed through the principle of selective recruitment?
type 1, slow twitch
the main function of cartilage adaptations to anaerobic training. Choose the answer that does not apply
aids in blood circulation for the joints
which of the following terms does not fit with the others
increased capillary density
the amount of force applied to bone to stimulate an increase in bone density is
minimal essentials strain
as a result of anaerobic training, there are several components of mechanical load that stimulate bone growth, which one of these components is not an influence?
location of the load
jess is a competitive weightlifter and has been forced into a period of detraining to deal with a recent injury. Which of the following physical characteristics will likely show the largest reduction as a consequence of detraining for this athlete?
fast-twitch fiber cross sectional area
athletes that require a mix of aerobic and anaerobic power would get the best training effect from
HIIT
which of the following is a chronic cardiovascular adaptation to aerobic training?
increased left ventricular volume
which of the following isnt a chronic adaptation to aerobic training?
decreased capillary density
aerobic overtraing may be associated with
increased creatine kinase in the blood
a previously inactive 31 year old female begins an 8 month training program to prepare for a half marathon. Which of the following adaptations is not likely to occur as a result of this training?
increased cross sectional area of type 2 fibers
following 12 months of aerobic training, which adaptations would you expect to have the largest impact on increased exercise A-VO2 difference?
increased mitochondrial and capillary density
which part of the Fick equation is accounted for by chronic cardiac adaptation to aerobic training?
cardiac output
a hormonal indication of aerobic overtraining is
increased cortisol to testosterone ratio
a chronic adaptation to aerobic training that improves mechanical efficiency and reduces energy requirements is
increased coordination between synergist muscle groups
aerobic overtraining is mostly attributed to
excess volume
which of the following contributes to cardiac adaptations in response to chronic aerobic training?
volume overload
which of the following choices does not fit with the others?
increases in myocyte length greater than changes in myocyte width
in response to chronic aerobic training, during maximal exertion efforts, anabolic hormone production
increases
the concentration of cortisol in the blood increases acutely in response to aerobic and anaerobic training. However, a chronic adaptation to aerobic training is a larger acute increase in cortisol production compared to anaerobic training (T/F)
true
overtraining syndrome develops in response to
months of excess aerobic training volume
6 hours prior to an endurance event, you consume 2.5 grams of carbs per kg of body weight. from the following choices, select the concentration of carbs that would be best to consume once you are 1 hour away from competition?
1 g/kg
for athletes that have more than 8 hours between events, the immediate consumption of carbs following an event is less important (T/F)
true
glycogen loading provides the biggest impact in performance during strength training based events, such as weightlifting and powerlifting (T/F)
false
during an endurance event, which of the following is the least important component to look for in a sports drink?
protein
glycogen is stored with:
water
the purpose of having a high carb meal 4 hours prior to an event is to create a super-compensation of glycogen to support energy needs (T/F)
false
weight loss from low carb diets seem effective in the short term because:
there is rapid weight loss due to water loss
which of the following should not be part of a pre-competition meal?
sugar alcohols (artificial sweeteners)
in general, in the time leading up to an endurance event, which of fluid recommendation is best?
the closer you get to an event, the less fluid you should consume
following a glycogen depleting event and to prepare for the next event that is 4 hours away, the athlete should consume:
high carb meal with moderate protein
the current literature supports which of the following methods as most ideal for glycogen loading?
Taper exercise volume for 3-4 days followed by 3 days of high carb intake
glycogn loading may cause
a small amount of weight gain
artificial sweeteners are preferred in sports drinks prior to an event because they do not cause a high insulin surge (T/F)
False
which of the following terms does not fit with the others?
increased capillary density
during a set of resistance training exercise
systolic and diastolic BP increase
based on the parameters below, who has the advantage in a half marathon?
captain america
which one of the following terms does not fit with the others
conversion of type IIa motor units to type 11x motor units
which of the following is not a chronic adaptation to aerobic training
decreased capillary density
who experience increases in VO2 max as a result of anaerobic resistance training
untrained people
what occurs in the lV wall in response to resistance training?
it thickens
which of the following is not an adverse effect of anabolic steroid use
increased testicular size
anabolic steroids are made from extracted derivatives (natural) of the male sex hormone, testosterone
false
which of the following performance enhancing substance is associated with acne, male pattern baldness, altered lipid profile, and gynecomastia?
anabolic steroids
Which of the following is not a accurate statement about BCAAs
bcaas are part of the essential amino acid group
Which of the following performance-enhancing substance is associated with acne, male pattern baldness, altered lipid profile, and gynecomastia?
anabolic steroids
Which of the following statements would disqualify a substance from being categorized as a dietary supplement
changes body structure or function
Which of the following is associated with a side effect call parethesia?
beta-alanine
Anabolic steroids are made from extracted derivatives (natural) of the male sex hormone, testosterone (T/F)
False
One of your collegiate athletes that has a well structure strength and conditioning and nutrition program, ask your professional advice about which supplement he/she should use to improve anaerobic power. WHich would be the best option?
creatine
Which of the following best describes a complete protein?
contain all essential amino acids
Which of the following supplements below is believed to show some benefits in reducing muscle damage following resistance training, likely because it is derived from leucine?
HMB
If a role of a supplement is to increase the muscles buffering capacity, it may do so by
regulation H+ concentrations
Performance enhancing supplements should be used
after nutrition and training parameters have been optimized
HCG is found at highest concentration in the placenta of pregnant women, but is often used by anabolic steroid users for weight loss (T/F)
False
which of the following dietary supplements has been demonstrated to increase fat oxidation, enhance excitation-contraction coupling, and acutely improve aerobic and anaerobic performance?
caffeine
a reported function of arginine supplement is
increased muscle blood flow
if an athlete is training for muscle hypertrophy, which of the following recommendations would be most reasonable for immediate post exercise nutrition?
25 grams of whey protein with additional BCAA
which of the following supplements is associate with a side effect called paresthesia?
beta-alanine
Note
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