PLTW Biomed Unit 1

________ give the red color to vertebrate blood and do not have nuclei.

________: A minute, colorless, anucleate disk- like body of mammalian blood that assists in blood clotting by adhering to other platelets and damaged epithelium.

ABO System: A system of four types (A, ________, B, and O) which human blood is classified into, based on the presence or absence of certain antigens.

________: Measurements- specifically pulse rate, temperature, respiration rate, and blood pressure- that indicate the state of a patients essential body functions.

________: A statement predicting the anticipated results of an experiment.

________: A process used to carefully plan experiments in order to investigate scientific questions or problems.

________: The number of breaths an organism takes per minute.

________: A protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen.

________: The pale yellow, liquid portion of blood that consists of water and dissolved substances, including sugars, lipids, metabolic waste products, amino acids, hormones, and vitamins.

________: A protein produced by B cells in the blood; works to impair pathogens.

________:** One of the many cells in the blood that lack hemoglobin but have a nucleus and are active in the immune response.

________: Anything that stimulates an immune response.

________: The clumping of particles.

________:** In an experiment, the variable that the researcher intentionally changes to determine its influence on the dependent variable.

________: The rhythmic expansion and recoil of arteries resulting from heart contraction.

________: In an experiment, the variable being measured and whose value is influenced by another variable.

________: In an experiment, the group that the researcher expects to have a positive result, to show that the experimental setup was capable of producing results.

________: A measure of cardiac activity usually expressed in number of beats per minute.

________: Hemoglobin- rich, red blood cells that transport oxygen through a body.

The application of scientific knowledge to resolve questions of civil and criminal law.

A measure of cardiac activity usually expressed in number of beats per minute.

Measurements-specifically pulse rate, temperature, respiration rate, and blood pressure-that indicate the state of a patients essential body functions.

The rhythmic expansion and recoil of arteries resulting from heart contraction.

The number of breaths an organism takes per minute.

A research study conducted to understand an observed phenomenon; determines the effect that one variable has upon another variable.

A statement predicting the anticipated results of an experiment.

A process used to carefully plan experiments in order to investigate scientific questions or problems.

Repeating a series of steps over and over until the desired outcome is obtained.

In an experiment, the variable that the researcher intentionally changes to determine its influence on the dependent variable.

In an experiment, the variable being measured and whose value is influenced by another variable.

Tiny fragments of physical evidence, such as hairs, fibers from clothing or carpeting, and pieces of glass.

The application of scientific knowledge to resolve questions of civil and criminal law.

Hemoglobin-rich, red blood cells that transport oxygen through a body.

One of the many cells in the blood that lack hemoglobin but have a nucleus and are active in the immune response.

A minute, colorless, anucleate disk-like body of mammalian blood that assists in blood clotting by adhering to other platelets and damaged epithelium.

The pale yellow, liquid portion of blood that consists of water and dissolved substances, including sugars, lipids, metabolic waste products, amino acids, hormones, and vitamins.

A protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen.

Anything that stimulates an immune response.

In an experiment, the group that the researcher expects to have a positive result, to show that the experimental setup was capable of producing results.

In an experiment, the group in which the conditions produce a negative outcome.

A system of four types (A, AB, B, and O) which human blood is classified into, based on the presence or absence of certain antigens.

A protein produced by B cells in the blood; works to impair pathogens.

The clumping of particles.

LCV reacts with hemoglobin and turns a violet color. Usually used on porous surfaces, such as a large stain on a carpet, LCV is not the best test to use in the lab.

You may have seen luminol used in a crime show. Luminol glows bright blue in the dark when it comes in contact with blood. However, many other substances will cause it to react, so it is not the best test to use in the laboratory.

The most common presumptive blood test. This test uses a compound known as phenolphthalein, which reacts with the iron carried by hemoglobin. This is the test you will use in the lab.

Distilled water, rub on blood, 95% ethanol, phenolphthalein, hydrogen peroxide.

Anti-B antibodies, A antigens, Anti-A agglutinates Anti-B does not.

Anti-A antibodies, B antigens, Anti-A does Anti-B agglutinates.

No antibodies, A and B antigens, Anti-A and B agglutinates.

Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies, no antigens, neither agglutinates.

Transfers occur when a blood source comes into contact with a surface. If a victim crawled on the floor or the body was dragged, then there would be smears or trails on the floor. Smudges, smears, or bloody fingerprints or handprints on furniture or doors could indicate a struggle in the room.

Spatters are produced when a source of liquid blood travels through the air before landing on a target surface.

When a droplet of blood is dropped directly from above and strikes a horizontal surface at 90°, it produces a circular stain.

In this example, spatters with an elliptical or elongated shape struck the surface at an angle. This often means that an external force was applied that provided horizontal velocity, speed in a given direction, to the droplets. The more elongated the droplet, the faster they were moving. The long tail of each droplet indicates the direction it was moving when it struck the surface.

In this example, there was an impact (the larger pool), which sent blood droplets traveling away from the impact at high speed. This means the impact occurred with significant force.

Is a negatively charged molecule found in the cells of all living things. Animals, plants, fungi, protists, and bacteria all have DNA. Even some viruses, which are nonliving, have DNA

Large molecules that are essential for life. DNA lays the foundation for how an organism grows, what they look like, their predisposition for disease, and so much more.

Each nucleotide is formed by combining a phosphate group, a sugar, and one of four different nitrogenous bases.

A component of nucleic acids found in DNA and RNA and in the energy-carrying molecule, ATP. Adenine is a purine base.

A component of the nucleic acid, DNA; a pyrimidine base.

A component of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA); a purine base.

A component of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA); a pyrimidine base.