Studied by 0 peopleThe Earth's principal subsystems are the __________, __________, __________, __________, __________ and, __________.
Lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, mantle, and core
What is in the lithosphere?
Earth’s crust, tectonic plates
Earth’s crust, tectonic plates
lithosphere
Lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, mantle, and core
Earth’s principle subsystems
hydrosphere
water
water
hydrosphere
atmosphere
mixture of gases
mixture of gases
atmosphere
biosphere
anything alive
anything alive
biosphere
mantle
below crust, above core
below crust, above core
mantle
core
center of the earth
center of the earth
core
What is the theory of plate tectonics?
Earths crust is broken into plates and move in response to thermal convection cells
Earths crust is broken into plate and move in response to thermal convection cells
theory of plate tectonics
Why is the plate tectonics theory the most unifying theory for geology?
explains unrelated geological issues
list 3 types of plate boundaries
divergent, convergent, and transform
divergent?
move apart
convergent?
Come together
Transform?
Parallel moving in opposite directions
What would MidAtlantic Ridge be an example of?
Divergent
What would the west coast of South America be an example of?
Convergent
What would the San Andreas Fault be an example of?
Transform
The lithosphere includes ________ and uppermost ________
crust, mantle
The lithosphere has a thickness of __ to __km
70, 100
The lithosphere is _______ behavior
brittle
The lithosphere makes up the _______
plates
The asthenosphere has the _________ mantle
upper
The asthenosphere has a thickness of _______ km
200
The asthenosphere has ________ behavior
plastic
The asthenosphere acts as a ________ for ________ tectonic plates
lubricant, overriding
What is the earths internal heat engine?
core
what is the earth’s external heat engine?
sun
The sun is responsible for ________, _________, and/or _______
Photosynthesis, weather, climate
The core is responsible for ______ , ___________, _________, and _______
Radioactive decay, moving tectonic plates, volcanoes, and earthquakes
The warming of Earth’s atmosphere
Greenhouse effect
Traps heat in Earth's atmosphere
Regulates Earth's temperature
Enables life to exist on Earth
Influences climate patterns
Helps maintain a stable environment
Reasons to why the Greenhouse Effect is important
How is the hydrosphere largely responsible for modifying the geology or landscape of Earth’s surface?
Weather, erosion, deposition, transport
How are the oceans of the hydrosphere largely responsible for modifying the climate of the atmosphere?
Water takes time to heat or cool
What process in the mantle is responsible for the movement of tectonic plate of the lithosphere?
thermal convection cells
How do thermal convection cells act?
Like a conveyer belt
3 ways to transmit heat
conduction, convention, radiation
What is the magnetosphere?
The region surrounding Earth that is influenced by its magnetic field
Why is the magnetosphere so vital?
Keeps earth from turning into mars by protecting the atmosphere
Which of earth’s layers generates the magnetosphere?
Outer core
Way subsystems interact is when the atmosphere emits _____ and the biosphere absorbs it while emitting ______. Which the atmosphere gladly consumes. (photosynthesis)
Carbon dioxide, oxygen
What is the science of geology?
study of the earth
What are the two main areas of study in geology?
Physical and historical
Why is geology important?
You depend on everything geology related.
What is the most important issue on this planet?
overpopulation
Why is overpopulation significant?
causes most of the world’s problems
The steps for scientific method are: ______, ________, _______, _______, then _______.
observe, hypothesis, predict, test, form scientific theory
What’s the difference between a hypothesis and a scientific theory?
Hypothesis is an educated guess. Scientific theory has results to back it up.
Hypothesis is an __________ guess
educated
Scientific theory has _____ to back it up
results
Describe Earth’s crust!
like an apple’s skin
Earth’s mantle is __% Earth’s volume
84
Describe Earth’s mantle!
mostly solid
Earth’s core has a _______ outer core, and a ________ inner core
liquid, solid
What are the three rock groups?
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Igneous rocks are the ____ rocks ever, crystalized from _____, lava, and pyroclastic material
first, magma
_______ rocks are compacted ______ made to one coherent rock
sedimentary, sement
_______ rocks are _______ rocks made by increased temperature and _________ to make a new rock
metamorphic, preexisting, pressure
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