Spiers Chapter 31 Section 1

collective security

what is needed to defend their common interests against enemy attack.

Axis powers

• Japan

• Italy

• Germany

Allied powers

• Great Britain

• The Soviet Union

• France

• America

Manchukuo

Japan’s independent state (Previously manchuria)

Pu-Yi

Puppet ruler of Manchukuo

Lord Lytton

Sent to investigate Japan’s conquering of Manchukuo

How did Japan respond to the League of Nations’ request to return Manchukuo to China? What did it prove?

They withdrew from the league, proving it had no power.

Rape of Nanking/The Nanking Massacre

Brutal Japanese attack in Nanking in an attempt to conquer China

Benito Mussolini

Fascist dictator of Italy

Haie Selassie

Ethiopian emperor who looked to the League for help against the italian invasion

What was the League’s solution to the Italian invasion of Ethopia? Did it work?

Threaten sanctions against Italy, it didn’t work.

sanctions

Limiting or cutting off exports and imports/trade with another country as a punishment for problems

Francisco Franco

leader of the conservative Spanish Nationalists

Spanish Civil war

the conservative Spanish Nationalists vs. left-wing Loyalists

Who did the soviets support in the Spanish civil war?

The Left-wing Loyalists

Who did Germany and Italy support in the Spanish Civil war?

The Conservative Nationalists

Hermann Goering

Head of the Luftwaffe

Luftwaffe

German Air Force

Who won the Spanish Civil war?

The Conservative Nationalists! Spain became a fascist dictatorship. They remained neutral in WW2.

lebensraum

living space

Rhineland

a German region between the Rhine and the French border

Adolf Hitler

Dictator of Germany

How did everyone react to Hitler invading the Rhinelands?

They didn’t. They were scared of starting a war.

Rome-Berlin Axis

An alliance between Germany and Italy

Anti-Comintern Pact

Italy, Germany, and Japan’s pact against soviet communism

Joseph Stalin

Ruler of the Soviet Union

Anschluss

the joining of Austria and Germany

Neville Chamberlain

British Prime minister

appeasement

granting concessions to maintain peace

Edouard Daladier

French Premier

Munich Agreement

Hitler Pinky-promises to leave Czechoslovakia alone and not conquer any more territory

Nazi-Soviet Non Aggression Pact

Hitler and Stalin promise not to fight each other