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what part of the needle should be up when inserting into a patient
bevel
what is the most common route of administration of vaccines today
subcutaneous
what are the core vaccines for felines and where are the administered
rabies right rear
FVRCP right front
what are the core vaccines for canines and where are they administered
rabies right rear
DAPP right front
how long does it take for sub-q fluids to absorb
3-4 hours up to 6-8 hours
what is the preferred site for most SQ injections
dorsolateral region from neck to hip
what part of the needle can retain medication
the hub
why should the dorsal region of the neck and back be avoided when injecting SQ
risk of abscess
harder to heal/treat
slower absorption
decreased blood supply
why should insulin be avoided in the intrascapular region
poor absorption and potential for fibrosis
where should insulin be administered
dorso/ventro lateral aspect of the trunk
when giving a SQ injection, you should pinch and fold the skin. why should you inject your needle parallel to the fold of skin vs perpendicular to the fold of skin
it could puncture through the other side of the skin
how far apart should SQ injections be administered
at least several centimeters apart
what are the common type of syringe tips
leur lock
slip tip
curved
catheter
how are insulin needles measured/read
in units
common needle gauges and their colors
red 25g
pink 20g
green 18g
blue 22g
define proximal
nearest the midline or towards the body or towards the point of attachment
define distal
furthest from the midline or away from the body or away from the point of attachment
define lateral
away from the midline toward the body
define caudal
towards the tail
list 3 main reasons when SQ fluids would be administered to a patient
mildly dehydrated, to prevent dehydration, finances, chronic diseases
IM is the abbreviation for what
intramuscular
ID is the abbreviation for what
intradermal
what size needles are commonly used for IM injections in small animals
22-25g
what IM location is not recommended in very thin animals
epaxial muscles
when injections are made into the semimembranosus or semitendinosus muscles, the needle should enter on the ________ aspect of the muscle and be directed ________ to prevent penetration of the ________ nerve
lateral, caudally, sciatic
why do we aspirate before giving injections
to check for blood
where are injections for heartworm treatment administered
3rd-5th lumbar region (epaxials)
List 2 reasons why ID injections are preformed
allergy testing, local anesthetics
what is used to prepare/clean the skin for allergy testing
gauze that has been wet down with water
name the group of muscles that are occasionally used for IM injection on the caudal aspect of the front legs
triceps
what size needles are used for ID injections and how much can be injected
25-27g; 0.1mL max
T or F the neck is a common location for im injections in small animals
False
what volume of fluid is commonly injected into the skin for allergy testing
0.1 mL max
Define edema
swelling
Define erythema
redness
define hypovolemia
low circulating volume (blood)
define hypotension
low blood pressure
what is another name for the lumbosacral muscles
epaxial
what factors should be taken into consideration when choosing the size needle and syringe for IM injections
volume, viscosity, size of muscle
how much can be injected at each IM injection site
up to 3mL
What is the normal TPR for dogs
T-100-102.5
P-60-160
R-16-32
T-100-102.5
P-140-220
R-20-42
Note
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