Studied by 5 people13 Colonies and the British Empire
Corporate Colonies
Everyone lost/gained together
Royal Colonies
Controlled by the king
Proprietary Colonies
Individual ownership
Jamestown(VA)
Struggled early due to location, sickness, and citizens. Also became the first royal colony
Capitan Jhon Smith
Saved Jamestown
Jhon Rolfe & Pocahontas
Introduced tobacco
Tobacco
Money crop that saved Jamestown
Plymouth
Founded on religion-Pilgrims
Protestants/Pilgrims
Seeking religious freedom, traveled on mayflower, Thanksgiving
Wanted a new church - Get rid of Anglican Church
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Royal charter, population grew due to civil war in England(Great Migration)
Puritans
Wanted to purify the Anglican Church
Keep Anglican Church- Reform it
What did the English bring?
The English brought the tradition of a representative Gov’t.
Elections for representatives
What was the House of Burgesses?
The first representative assembly of the new world(VA)
What was the Mayflower Compact?
Early form of colonial self Gov’t. as well as the first written constitution
Who could participate in Gov’t.?(MBC)
Free male puritans in elections
Male property owner
Who could not participate in Gov’t.?(MBC)
Most colonist were excluded
Women, landless, slaves and I.S. had no rights
Did the development of democratic practices and anti-democratic practices exist?
Yes
What created the labor shortage?
The growing demand of tobacco
Indentured Servants
Masters paid for there passage and in return they worked for that master
Short term fix
Head-Right System
Gave fifty acres to plantation owners who paid for an immigrant to move
First Slavery
Not bonded for life(1620)
Children born free
When did slaves become permanently bonded?
In 1669 when The House of Burgesses enacted the law
Africans and children were forever bonded to slavery
Why did tabbacco lose value?
Overproduction
Virginia(VA)
Made up of small farmers and large plantation owners which lead to Poor V. Rich
What was the Bacon Rebellion?
A small farmer named bacon rebelled against large farms and then attacked and killed natives. This was seen as the first major rebellion against royal authority, and created lasting problems. All this was started due to the class difference.
What was New England made up of?
Plymouth and Mass. Bay Colony
Who lead N.E.?
Puritans - Kicked out those who broke the rules
Who was Roger Williams?
The guy who believed that an individual’s conscience was beyond the control of the civil or church authority
Created the first baptist church in america
Where did Williams settle?
Rhode Island
Recognized the rights of natives and paid for his land
Allowed Catholics, Quakers, and Jews to worship freely
Anne Hutchinson
Kicked out of Mass. Bay and became part of Rhode island colony which became a refugee for many
Antinomianism
The belief that faith alone, not good deeds, is needed to achieve salvation
Conneticut
Thomas Hooker was the founder and established Hartford
What was the fundamental order of Connecticut(1639)?
It was the first written constitution
Rep. Gov’t. by popular vote
Gov’t chosen by legislative
Lord Baltimore II
Founded the Act of Toleration which gave religious freedom to all Christians but also put death upon anyone who denied the divinity of god
Halfway Covenant
Puritan membership rebellion
the covenant was offered by some but rejected by many
It allowed you to become a puritan w/o conversion
What did you need to have to be a puritan?
A profound religious experience know as a conversion
N.E. Confederation
A military alliance that added defence for the colonies
2 rep’s from each colony
Importance: Colonies taking unified action towards a purpose
Who was attacking the N.E. colonies?
Dutch, Natives, and the French
What did the N.E. confederation act on?
Boundary issues, runaway slaves, and native issues
King Phillips War
Led natives against English settlers
Restoration Colonies
Wanted to restore monarch in England- Charles II
Carolinas
Land given to supportive nobles
Became proprietors of colonies
later became royal colonies
S. Carolina
became rice growing economy - Large plantations
N. Carolina
Small tobacco farms
Few large plantations
New York
Dutch land taken by English settlers and named after Duke of York
Religious toleration
Taxed by James II
What were the thoughts on James II taxes?
Taxation w/o representation - apposed - King gave political rights and allowed Rep. Gov’t
New Jersey
Out of N.Y.
Royal Colonie
Pennsylvania
Open minded and tolerant established by William Penn
Who were Quakers?
Equal for men and women in gods eyes
Non-violent
No military
religious authority found in someone soul, not the bible or church
Persecuted for their beliefs
What was the Holy Experiment?
A religious refugee for all
Elected Rep.
Written constitutions - character of liberties
guarantied freedom of worship, toleration, and land
Founded in Philadelphia
Advertised in England
Where was Delaware out of
Pennsylvania
Why was Georgia created?
Defensive buffer for S.C. and their plantations from the S.P. in FL
A place for English Debtors to reduce overcrowded jails
James Oglethorpe
Established Savanna - First settlement
1st Governor
Georgia
Banned Rum and Slavery - created financial issues in Georgia
Rum and slavery go unbanned when Georgia became a royal colony
Grew slowly - smallest and poorest colony
Mercantilism
Financial policy used by countries and there colonies
Trade/colonies/wealth basis for strength
Self-sufficient - imports=exports
colonies existed for the purpose to enrich parent country
Slavery
1750 - VA(50%) - S.C(66%)
Why was there a need for slaves?
Reduced migration from England
Dependable work force
Cheap labor
Did states pass laws to ensure “bondage for life”?
Yes
Note
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