Biology - Unit 4: the life of the cell

simplest collection of matter that is aliv

Light passes through a specimen and then through magnifying lenses

focus a beam of electrons onto the surface of a specimen, providing images that look 3D

focus a beam of electrons through a specimen, providing a cross-section of the specimen

No membrane-enclosed nucleus Circular DNA located in the nucleoid No membrane-bound organelles Includes bacteria and archaea Size: 1 - 5 µm, Age: 3.5 billion years old

Have a membrane-enclosed nucleus DNA stored in the nucleus Has membrane bound-organelles Includes protista, fungi, animals, and plants Size: 10 - 100 µm, age: 1.5 billion years old

Has chloroplasts, cell walls, and huge vacuoles

Have centrioles and lysosomes (some plants may have lysosomes)

has plasma membrane, cytosol, DNA, ribosomes, macromolecules, follow criteria for being alive.

exchange occurs at the surface and more surface area=more efficiency therefore more small cells means more efficiency

a specialized part of a cell; analogous to an organ in the human bod

spherical storage of the DNA, manages cell functions, and contains mRNA which makes ribosomes.

gelatin-like fluid that lies inside the cell membrane that contains salts, minerals, and organic molecules and surrounds the organelles

two subunits of mRNA and a protein involved in making proteins.

system of tubes that move things around the cell

ER but covered in Ribosomes that make and transport proteins.