Barnett Exam 2

28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize

Signed by Taft in March of 1909 in contrast to campaign promises. Was supposed to lower tariff rates but Senator Nelson N. Aldrich of Rhode Island put revisions that raised tariffs. This split the Repulican party into progressives (lower tariff) and conservatives (high tariff).

FDR's secretary of state, who promoted reciprocal trade agreements, especially with Latin America

Pushed through Congress by Woodrow Wilson, this 1913 tariff reduced average tariff duties by almost 15% and established a graduated income tax

A provision attached to a bill - to which it may or may not be related - in order to secure its passage or defeat.

Allows the federal government to collect income tax

a method of taxation that taxes people at different rates depending on income

A series of essays that stated how the bible should be read, if you looked at it any other way, you were wrong.

Conservative beliefs in the Bible and that it should be literally believed and applied

1910, gave the Interstate Comerce Commission the power to suspend new railroad rates, along with oversee telephone and cable companie; included communications

It prohibited the shipping of alcohol into "dry" states where state law prohibited it

Men who kidnapped women and forced them into prostitution

Bill passed by Congress to enforce the language of the 18th Amendment. This bill made the manufacture and distribution of alcohol illegal within the borders of the United States.

Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages

this refers to prohibition, a time period where the US bans the sales or making of alcohol - 18th amendment, This refers to the, Nobel experiment, because this amend. Is trying to help Americans live a cleaner , safer life.

A mob king in Chicago who controlled a large network of speakeasies with enormous profits. His illegal activities convey the failure of prohibition in the twenties and the problems with gangs.

The branch of the U.S. Treasury Department in charge of collecting taxes

A place where alcoholic drinks were sold and consumed illegally during prohibition

Law enacted to protect against child labor by prohibiting the interstate shipping of goods in which someone under 14 worked to make

fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement.

A peaceful liberal capitalist world based on international law-safe from the dangers of traditional imperialism and revolutionary socialism. And for the US to display that to the rest of the world.

Free market, facilitative state and a legal framework which helps maintain capitalism.

Father of Communism

a socialist doctrine that violent action was the only way to achieve the goals of socialism

dictatorship system.

state owns major share of productive resources (land & capital) excluding labor.

• individuals allowed to accumulate wealth and own small businesses.

• government owns major productive resources.

• there are wage differentials but heavy taxes on income and inheritance.

• government determines prices of goods including wages. = doesn't provide incentive to produce

The tensions between the Mexican government that took control of oil resources and the American oil companies that wanted to exploit them

a dictator who dominated Mexico, permitted foriegn companies to develop natural resources and had allowed landowners to buy much of the countries land from poor peasants

Enemy of Díaz who believed in democracy. He was also assassinated (Juearta).

Establishes brutal dictatorship and uses intimidation and violence. Assasinated Francisco Madero. He is also in power during Wilson's presidency.

A constitutionalist and a nationalist/ Led a group to attempt to overthrow Juearta.

Mexican port that Wilson commanded the navy to capture before congress could respond to his asking them permission to use force against mexico. Huerta and Carranza both opposed this action.

Carranza's former general. Carranza turns against Villa and Villa wanted to become a leader. Led to Carranza's downfall.

The Bandits protecting the interests of the mexicans and the mexican americans in the southwest were called

A former kingdom in north-central Europe including present-day northern Germany and northern Poland

Prussian prime minister, he led the unification of Germany and the creation of the German empire.

strongly conservative members of Prussia's wealthy landowning class

King of Prussia from 1861 to 1888 and emperor of Germany from 1871 to 1888; he chose Otto von Bismarck as Prussia's prime minister, and together they unified Germany

Rich landowners in Germany

The organization of 39 states in Germany.

reflected Bismarck's belief in German power/aggressive foreign policy over negotiation/liberalism -- used war, realpolitik to unify Germany

Suggested by Wilhelm I to take over Spanish throne in absence of a king, this angers Napoleon III

France declared war and made Prussia look like the victim

A telegram which the French gave to the Germans in anger over the Succession of the Throne in Spain, but the Germans altered it to look like the French were rude and evil. The French declared war.

He offered a brighter vision of technological progress in his novels of adventure, many of which doubled as works of popular science. In his 1864 novel Journey to the Center of the Earth, Professor Lidenbrock explains contemporary theories of geology and paleontology as he leads an expedition that travels beneath the Earth's crust from Iceland to the Italian volcano Stromboli. He later wrote the 1870 novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, whose narrator Pierre Aronnax offers extensive commentary on marine biology while accompanying the mysterious Captain Nemo on a voyage in the submarine Nautilus. In a more realistic vein, he considered the possibilities presented by new forms of transportation in the 1873 novel Around the World in Eighty Days, which describes a trip taken by the Englishman Phileas Fogg and his French valet Jean Passepartout. During his travels, which are undertaken to win a bet with members of the Reform Club, Fogg falls in love with an Indian woman named Aouda, and is pursued by the Scotland Yard detective Fix, who mistakenly believes that Fogg is a bank robber. Fogg ultimately wins his bet to return to the Reform Club within 80 days of his departure, with the help of an extra day gained by traveling eastward.

Palace of Louis XIV; created financial issues; allowed nobles to live there so they would behave

26th president, known for: conservationism, trust-busting, Hepburn Act, safe food regulations, "Square Deal," Panama Canal, Great White Fleet, Nobel Peace Prize for negotiation of peace in Russo-Japanese War