Unit 5: Momentum

What is momentum?

Momentum is the degree of an object's opposition to a modification in motion. It is a vector quantity, indicating it has both size and direction. The momentum formula is p = mv, where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity. This unit accounts for 12-18% of the exam weight.

What is the formula for momentum?

The formula for momentum is p = mv, where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity.

What is impulse?

Impulse is the change in momentum of an object over a given time period. It is the product of the force applied to an object and the time over which the force is applied.

What is the unit of impulse?

The unit of impulse is Ns (newton-second).

What is the formula for impulse?

The formula for impulse is J = FΔt, where J is impulse, F is the force applied, and Δt is the time interval over which the force is applied.

What is conserved in a closed system?

Momentum is conserved in a closed system, meaning the total momentum of the system before a collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.

What is the law of conservation of linear momentum?

According to the law of conservation of linear momentum, the total momentum of a system of objects remains constant if no external forces act on the system.

What are the three types of collisions?

The three types of collisions are elastic collisions, inelastic collisions, and perfectly inelastic collisions.

What is an elastic collision?

In an elastic collision, the total kinetic energy of the system is conserved. This means that the objects bounce off each other without losing any energy.

What is an inelastic collision?

In an inelastic collision, the total kinetic energy of the system is not conserved. This means that the objects stick together after the collision and some energy is lost as heat or sound.

What is a perfectly inelastic collision?

In a perfectly inelastic collision, the objects stick together and travel in the same direction.

What is the unit of momentum?

The unit of momentum is kg m/s.

What is the unit of force?

The unit of force is newtons (N).

What is the coefficient of restitution?

The coefficient of restitution is the ratio of the final velocity to the initial velocity of an object after a collision.

What is the formula for coefficient of restitution?

The formula for coefficient of restitution is e = (v2 - v1) / (u1 - u2), where e is the coefficient of restitution, v1 and v2 are the final velocities of the objects, and u1 and u2 are the initial velocities of the objects.

What is the relationship between impulse and momentum?

Impulse is the change in momentum of an object over a given time period.

What is the formula for conservation of linear momentum?

The formula for conservation of linear momentum is total Pinital = total Pfinal.

What is the area under a force-time graph equal to?

The area under a force-time graph is equal to im

momentum

p = mv (where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity)