AP Psych Learning

________ observed that behavior is controlled by its consequences.

________- when the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus, the conditioned response eventually disappears.

________ conveys little information about how to behave differently.

________ and cumulative recorders are often used when conditioning animals.

________- always increase the likelihood of a response.

________ is the return of a response that has been extinguished.

Conditioning- involves forming associations between ________ and responses.

Shaping- method of getting a response to occur in the first place by reinforcing ________ to the desired response.

Learning- any relatively ________ in behavior that occurs due to experience.

________- behavior is explainable by looking outside of the individual.

Conditioned response (________)- response that is elicited by a CS.

________ was the first to describe and document the form of learning we now call classical conditioning.

Conditioned stimulus (________)- an originally neutral stimulus that comes to elicit a conditioned response after being paired with a US.

________ are limited by genetic dispositions and physical characteristics.

________ on an intermittent schedule makes a response more resistant to extinction when ________ is discontinued.

Continuous reinforcement- reinforcing a response each time it occurs; most effective for ________.

Stimulus ________- different responses are triggered by stimuli that resemble the conditioned stimulus in some way.

________- school of psychology that accounts for behavior in terms of observable events.

________ generalization- a response occurs to stimuli that resemble the stimuli present during the original learning.

________: The man and the myth.

________ can be learned when behavior is coincidentally reinforced.

Learning occurs when a(n) ________ is regularly paired with a US and the ________ becomes a CS that elicits a CR that is similar to the original, unlearned one.

________- something unpleasant is removed.

________- something pleasant is removed.

________- something pleasant is presented.

________ is learning that is not immediately revealed through a change in behavior.

________ may undermine intrinsic reinforcement because the behavior is now viewed as "work "so they should be used sparingly.

Unconditioned ________ (UR)- ________ that is automatically produced.

________ is a signal whether a response will pay off; it is said to exert stimulus control over the response because it signals whether the conditions in which the response will be reinforced are present.

Stimulus discrimination- the ability to distinguish between ________ and to respond only to the one that results in the reinforcer.

________- the use of classical and operant conditioning techniques in real world settings.

________- a previously learned response stops occurring because it is no longer reinforced.

________ is widely used as a means of controlling behavior; ________ is appropriate in situations where the individual's behavior is dangerous.

________- after a response has been extinguished, it may spontaneously reappear after the passage of time, with exposure to the conditioned stimulus.

Unconditioned ________ (US)- ________ eliciting an automatic or reflexive response.

________ is often administered inappropriately or in a state of rage.

________- decrease the likelihood of a response.

any relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs due to experience

school of psychology that accounts for behavior in terms of observable events

involves forming associations between environmental stimuli and responses

stimulus eliciting an automatic or reflexive response

response that is automatically produced

an originally neutral stimulus that comes to elicit a conditioned response after being paired with a US

response that is elicited by a CS

when the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus, the conditioned response eventually disappears

after a response has been extinguished, it may spontaneously reappear after the passage of time, with exposure to the conditioned stimulus

a neutral stimulus can become a conditioned stimulus by being paired with an already established conditioned stimulus

after a stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus for some response, similar stimuli may produce the same reaction

different responses are triggered by stimuli that resemble the conditioned stimulus in some way

food and odor likes and dislikes

behavior is explainable by looking outside of the individual

always increase the likelihood of a response

something pleasant is presented

something unpleasant is removed

decrease the likelihood of a response

something unpleasant occurs

something pleasant is removed

a previously learned response stops occurring because it is no longer reinforced

a response occurs to stimuli that resemble the stimuli present during the original learning

the ability to distinguish between similar stimuli and to respond only to the one that results in the reinforcer

the pattern of delivery of reinforcements; can have powerful effects on rate, form, and timing of behavior

reinforcing a response each time it occurs; most effective for initial learning

reinforcement occurs only after a certain amount of time has passed or only after a certain number of responses have been made

method of getting a response to occur in the first place by reinforcing successive approximations to the desired response

The man and the myth

the use of classical and operant conditioning techniques in real world settings

combine extinction of undesirable behavior with the reinforcement of desirable behavior