phy sci

Boiling point

temperature at which the vapor pressure and atmospheric pressure of a liquid substance are equal.

Melting point

temperature at which solid becomes liquid.

Surface tension

refers to the energy required to increase the surface area by a unit amount.

Viscosity

resistance of the liquid to flow

Vapor pressure

pressure exerted by a substance in its gaseous state.

Volatility

measures the rate at which a substance vaporizes (changes from liquid to gas)

Electron Configurations

element describes how electrons are distributed in its atomic orbitals

Nonpolar molecules

form when there is equal sharing of electrons (Covalent bond). No dipole is formed

Polar molecules

ccur when there is a transfer of electron (Ionic bond). A dipole forms, with part of the molecule carrying a slight positive charge

Electronegativity (EN)

measures the relative tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself when chemically combined with other atom.