Unit 1 Ap Psych

________- championed psychology as the scientific study of behavior, worked with Skinner to dismiss introspection.

________- graphed cluster of dots, each of which represent the values of two variables.

________- a statistical index of the relationship between two things (how close 2 things vary together, how well one predicts the other)

________- measure of how spread out numbers are from the mean (better gauges whether scores and packed together or dispersed)

________ suggests the direction of the relationship between two variables.

________- the most frequently occurring score in a distribution.

________ and functionalism were the first to think about the mind's structure and behavior.

________- studies brain activity and how we perceive, process, and remember information.

________- tendency to think we know more than we do.

________- explore and understand the world without being fooled by it.

Watson and ________ dismissed introspection and said psychology cant just be focused on mental life if its rooted in observation.

________- due to our expectations, just thinking one is receiving treatment can lead to symptom relief.

________- gather information from many people based on self- reporting, must be careful about wording effects, lying, bias.

________- branch of medicine that have licensed physicians to provide medical treatments for therapy.

Describe the ________ that make it possible to isolate cause and effect.

Describe how psychologists use case studies, surveys, and ________ to observe and describe behavior, and explain the importance of random sampling.

________- (influenced psychiatry, psychoanalysis, and dream interpretation) emphasized the ways our unconscious mind and childhood experiences affect our behavior (ego, repression, fixation, sibling rivalry)

________ was recognized as the science of behavior and mental processes, recognized that ________ can be observed through behavior but not sensations or feelings.

________ and animals share a common biology that helps scientists test diseases and preventions.

________ and common sense are just predictions and dont have factual evidence that something will or wont happen.

________ for humans include little to no stress /humiliation, blinking lights, harm, pain or discomfort, and make sure to fully explain the research to them afterward.

________ curve- symmetrical, bell- shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data, most scores fall near the mean.

________- early school of thought promoted by James that explored mental and behavioral process functions and how they help organisms adapt, structure, and flourish.

________- testable prediction of a theory.

________- blind procedure- research assistants also do not know which group the participant is in (rules out bias)

________ sample- a sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.

________- German philosopher, established 1st psych lab in Leipzig, Germany in 1879, designed experiment to test how long people press a key after hearing a ball drop.

________- Russian scientist that used classical conditioning (partnering one thing with another) on dogs (early 1900s)

________- scrutinize competing claims.

________- all those in a group being studied, from which samples may be drawn.

Applied research- applying research directed at a(n) ________.

Informed consent- protection from harm, discomfort, ________, debriefing are key to ethical research.

________- research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process.

________- we may have to reject our own ideas.

________- research human strengths and human flourishing.

________ perspective- how the body and brain enable memories, emotions, and sensory experiences.

________- statements of the procedure that defines measurable research variables.

________- psychologists that say psychology should be a science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes.

________- examine ones own emotional states and mental processes.

________ variable- the variable that is actually being manipulated and studied.

________- organizes a wide range of observations.

Social- ________- how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures.

Describe positive and negative correlations, and explain how correlational measures can aid the ________ but not provide evidence of cause- effect relationships.

A(n) ________ is when two sets of scores relate inversely, one going up and one going down.

________- psychologist, wanted to consider functions of our thoughts and feelings, linked it to evolution.

________- British psychologist, aimed to discover minds structure.

________- integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological and social- cultural levels of analysis.

________- behaviorist, rejected introspection and studied how consequences shape behavior.

________- emphasizes humans potential for growth and the importance of love and acceptance.

________- how the natural selection of traits has promoted the survival of our genes.

German philosopher, established 1st psych lab in Leipzig, Germany in 1879, designed experiment to test how long people press a key after hearing a ball drop

British psychologist, aimed to discover minds structure

early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Titchener that used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind

examine ones own emotional states and mental processes

from among chance variations, nature selects traits that best enable an organism to survive and reproduce in a particular environment

psychologist, wanted to consider functions of our thoughts and feelings, linked it to evolution

early school of thought promoted by James that explored mental and behavioral process functions and how they help organisms adapt, structure, and flourish

Russian scientist that used classical conditioning (partnering one thing with another) on dogs (early 1900s)

(influenced psychiatry, psychoanalysis, and dream interpretation) emphasized the ways our unconscious mind and childhood experiences affect our behavior (ego, repression, fixation, sibling rivalry)

championed psychology as the scientific study of behavior, worked with Skinner to dismiss introspection

behaviorist, rejected introspection and studied how consequences shape behavior

psychologists that say psychology should be a science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes

emphasizes humans potential for growth and the importance of love and acceptance

studies brain activity and how we perceive, process, and remember information

science of behavior and mental processes

nurture works on what nature gives us, controversy over whether or not genes or experience form and affect development of psychological traits and behaviors

integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological and social-cultural levels of analysis

how the natural selection of traits has promoted the survival of our genes

how our genes and our environment influence our individual differences

how behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts

how we learn observable responses

how we encode, process, store, and retrieve information

how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures

all seven perspectives used to test fundamental theories

applying research directed at a specific set of circumstances

assists in problems in achieving well-being

mental health pros who study, assess, and treat people with psych disorders

branch of medicine that have licensed physicians to provide medical treatments for therapy

research human strengths and human flourishing

create social and physical environments that are healthy for all

tendency to think we know more than we do

"I-knew-it-all-along-phenomenon", tendency to believe after learning an outcome, that no one would have foreseen it

random sequences, patterns and streaks occur more often than people expect

explore and understand the world without being fooled by it

scrutinize competing claims

we may have to reject our own ideas

organizes a wide range of observations

testable prediction of a theory

statements of the procedure that defines measurable research variables

trying it again using the same operational definitions of the concepts and procedures, if results differ the original results may have been in error

examining one individual in-depth, learn a lot about one persons behavior, but drawback its over-generalization to all people

observing "natural behavior" means just watching/taking notes, can be used to study more than one person which can be applied to a broader population

gather information from many people based on self-reporting, must be careful about wording effects, lying, bias

all those in a group being studied, from which samples may be drawn

a sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion

a statistical index of the relationship between two things (how close 2 things vary together, how well one predicts the other)

graphed cluster of dots, each of which represent the values of two variables

research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process

participants are randomly put in either the control (placebo) or experimental group

group exposed to treatment (independent variable)