HN&F exam 4

minerals needed in greater amounts are classified as:

minerals needed in smaller amounts are classified as:

functions as an antioxidant

prevents cavities

water 1/3 total water intake fruits and veggies other beverages (juice/soda)

acid/base balance temperature regulation

total % based on muscle mass men need more

water intoxication rare occurs from low sodium levels in the blood

#1 source is table salt common for intakes above the Upper level deficiency is rare in the US

major functions fluid balance muscle and nerve function

roles: fluid and electrolyte balance nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction

major sources: fruits and veggies

animal sources higher bioavailability

plant and animal foods vitamin C as an absorption enhancer

role in immune function

protein-rich foods milk, cheese, yogurt, shellfish, and meat

helps regulate: body temp metabolic rate reproduction and growth

iodized salt, seafood, seaweed

non energy yielding

vitamins B and C excess excreted by the kidneys through urine classified as:

vitamins A, D, E, K primarily absorbed in small intestine classified as:

often lost during processing fortified in cereals and milk

deficiency seen in alcoholics

act mainly as coenzymes

the only vitamin that the synthetic form is absorbed better than the natural form mandatory fortification in grains

important in vision high amounts found in cantaloupe

highest in fruits and veggies please eat them so sickness is less impactful

critical in bone health is not essential due to not needing to eat it because we can synthesize it ourselves can create a calcium deficiency

an antioxidant found in many oils

involved in clotting of the blood

mainly fat soluble since they are not excreted through the urine

the amount of the vitamin actually absorbed and utilized