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The Present Tense - An Aimsir Láithreach
The Aimsir Láithreach is the present tense. There are two different groups of verbs in the present tense, an chéad réimniú and an dara réimniú. The present tense uses leathan le leathan and caol le caol to determine their endings.
For the we part (sinn) use aimid/imid in an chéad réimniú and aímid/ímid in an dara réimniú.
For the negative use 'Ní' and add a 'h'.
For the question form, use 'An' and add an urú.
For the saorbhriathar, use tar/tear in an chéad réimniú and aítear/ítear in an dara réimniú.
An Chéad Réimniú
A verb in the chéad réimniú usually has one syllable.
Leathan | Caol |
|---|---|
Broad verbs last vowel is a, o and u. | Slender verbs last vowel is i and e. |
E.g Mol | E.g. Cuir |
Molaim | Cuirim |
Molann tú | Cuireann tú |
Molann sé | Cuireann sé |
Molann sí | Cuireann sí |
Molaimid | Cuirimid |
Molann sibh | Cuireann sibh |
Molann siad | Cuireann siad |
Ní mholaim | Ní chuirim |
An molann tú? | An gcuireann tú? |
Moltar | Cuirtear |
Verbs in the chéad réimniú that are exceptions:
These are one syllable verbs but end in 'igh'. |
|---|
Suigh (to sit) |
Cráigh (to torment) |
Nigh (to wash) |
Léigh (to read) |
Guigh (to pray) |
Luaigh (to mention) |
Glaoigh (to call) |
Pléigh (to discuss) |
Buaigh (to win) |
E.g. Buaigh |
Buaim |
Buann tú / sé / sí / sibh / siad |
Buaimid |
These are 2 syllable verbs but are treated like they have 1 syllable. |
|---|
Sábháil (to save) |
Taispeáín (to show) |
Cniotáíl (to knit) |
Úsáíd (to dive) |
Tiomáín (to drive) |
E.g. Tiomáin |
Tiomáinim |
Tiomáineann tú / sé / sí / sibh / siad |
Tiomáinimid |
An Dara Réimniú
Verbs in the dara réimniú usually have two syllables.
Remove the second syllable. This is normally the aigh / igh. Then add the correct ending.
Leathan | Caol |
|---|---|
Remove the -aigh. | Remove the -igh. |
E.g. Ceannaigh | E.g. Bailigh |
Ceannaím | Bailím |
Ceannaíonn tú | Bailíonn tú |
Ceannaíonn sé | Bailíonn sé |
Ceannaíonn sí | Bailíonn sí |
Ceannaímid | Bailímid |
Ceannaíonn sibh | Bailíonn sibh |
Ceannaíonn siad | Bailíonn siad |
Ní cheannaím | Ní bhailím |
An gceannaíonn tú | An mbailíonn tu? |
Ceannaítear | Bailítear |
Verbs in the dara réimniú that are exceptions:
These are 2 syllable verbs but don't end in aigh / igh. (Remove the last vowels in the 2nd syllable and add the endings) |
|---|
Codail (to sleep) |
Iompair (to carry) |
Ceangail (to tie) |
Fógair (to announce) |
Taitin (to enjoy) |
Múscail (to evoke) |
Oscail (to open) |
Imir (to play) |
Bagair (to threaten) |
Eitil (to fly) |
Freagair (to answer) |
Labhair (to speak) |
Inis (to tell) |
E.g. Inis |
Insím |
Insíonn tú / sé / sí / sibh / siad |
Insímid |
Nothing is crossed off. |
Foghlaim (to learn) |
Foghlaimím |
Foghlaimíonn tú / sé / sí / sibh / sibh |
Foghlaimímid |