Developments in east asia from c.1200 to c.1450

Government

China was a world power

960: China is split in to small kingdoms as the tang dynasty declines

Zhoa kuangyin: Ruler of one of the kingdoms, decided to group all of them into the Song Dynasty(960-1279)

Song state structure (lasted over 1000 years) many different branches all supervised by the Censorate.

Confusionism CONTINUITY IN CHINA organised Chinese goverment

Confusioanism: look at the world through hiearchrchys, everyone in there place should behave rightly

Civil service examination tested knowledge on confusionism, and created a new class of scholars

CHANGED power from families to smarties

Didn’t need to worry about government so they could worry about econmy

Trade

China traded all through afroeurasia

This let them become more commercialized and now Chinese ppl are making goods for other ppl and not just regional or home needs

chinas manufacturing skyrocketed in 1200

Chinas iron production was particularly great in the 1200’s

Money

With all of this commerce there wasn’t enough coins to keep up with its demand.

This was the start of paper money

Discovery of gun powder

a doaist alchemis was trying to discover the elixer to immortality and discovered the explosive powder

began using gun powder for fire works

they eventually used it to blow people up

Champa rice rezilant rice that increased populations

china influence

Places like japan were influence by Chinese culture in ways like arcitecture

Religion

china was at the crossroads of trade highways so there was a fusion of religion

Budisumm from India turned into mahayan , and zen

Summary

China’s huge population PLUS their strong agricultural

base PLUS their innovations in manufacturing made Song China the wealthiest empire on the

planet.

But a common language PLUS Confucian ideals PLUS a culture with deep roots made China

the most unified nation on the planet.

State building in Dar Al Islam

Mid 8th century: Islamic calipaht took power in middle east and north Africa abbasid caliphate

Political reality

The abbaisd caliphate was fractured and breaking down but the religion was striving

Political Islam was forishing

Effects

India

south aisa newly converted Muslims (turks) invade asia established the Delhi sultanate

Indians were hindu so they were rough taking the religion they didn’t gain much power

Hinduism v Islam

Hindu: polythiesisc, hiearcy, many statues of gods

Islam: mono theistic, no gods phots, equlity

The sufi Muslims (more popular version)

More inidans converted to sufi due to low caste and miserable lives they converted for the promises of equality

Africa

Spread by trade

many converted peacefully

Islam spread mad, and to the highest levels of governmernt

Economics tech and culture

Muslims though highly of merchants

therefore they traded alot

new banking credit business contracts

they improved Chinese rockets

Paper mainking

they translated the words of greek science in to Muslim

house of wisdom basically a big library

State buling in south and south east asia

Islam had major infueve in the north of India by hinduism was still dominate

vijayanagara empire

two brothers who converted form hindu to Islam came to convert south India and instead converted back and to hindu and make a new empire in 1336

religion

Hinduism: through rencarnation the soul seeks peace and and stop the cycle of reencarnton

Bakti movemonet: emphasised expericen in religis t behavior

Caste based on good karma

Indians worked on algebra geometry and astronmy

South east Asia

vietnam and other islands

Filled with hindus and bhdust from trade routes and merchants

Majapahit empire controlled sea routs bhudist

Khmer empire: agricultural progress from irrigation

State building in Americas and africas

Americas

Mississipian future, Chaokia built mounds for religious purposes there was a cast system ass rigged as the hinus started with the great sun and ending with artisans and merchants

The chaokia was abandon for unknown reasons

The chaco and nessa verde civilizations built homes in clifs

Aztecs founded tecnoctilan and was big wit ziggurates and amazed Europeans concured much of central America, tributes paid to the aztects

Africa

No centralized governments

Kin based networks with cheifs and king ship

each state specialized in these kingship and they were influenced by islam faith

Oral literature would tell stories

Developments in Europe

Before: western rome fell in 476 but was continued in the east by the byzantine empire

tilll the 1000 eruope was fractured into waring counties

arranged politically in Feudalism

Feudalism king lord kngights sefs

Dark ages : trade decreased and did quality of life

thehigh middle ages:1000-1450 more powerful moarchs and shifting form feudalism

The established huge armies and beruacacys allowed the kings to have large power

Magna caarta: pushed by the noble class and granted rights to nobles

more rights through the parliment

CONTINUTY the roman catholic church

power struggle between church and state

crusades: pope and bishops attacked the Muslims to get jeruslem back

Marco polo - wrote about life in the far east

the middle class is arrisng merchants

ice age decreased agriculture death and less trade

renssance ancient greek and roman art remade