Early Approaches

This group of researchers were interested in uncovering the basic units of the mind :: structuralists

This type of psychology was born as William James argued that a focus on function was more important than structure, leading to the first applied psychologists :: functionalism

Psychologists adhering to these principles believe the whole is other than the sum of its parts and apply their work mainly to the study of perception :: Gestalt psychologists

This approach focuses on conflicts in the unconscious mind as the cause of mental health issues :: psychoanalytic

This type of psychologist would most likely observe how people behave after they’ve consumed alcohol, and would be unconcerned with what the person was thinking :: behaviorist

Late Approaches

This view focuses on heredity, the nervous system and other physical processes as most responsible for our thoughts and behaviors :: biological

A goal of therapy in this psychological approach is having clients successfully strive for growth and develop their own individual potential :: humanist

This approach focuses on thinking (cognition), perception, and internal mental processes to explain our thoughts and behaviors :: cognitive

In Trait Theory, the acronym that will help you remember the fundamental personality dimensions of the Five Factor Theory :: OCEAN

This approach says our cultures, our environments including the people in them, have the biggest impact on our thoughts and behavior :: sociocultural

People

The founder of the psychodynamic/psychoanalytic theory and the treatment called psychoanalysis :: Sigmund Freud

This founder of U.S. psychology believed that consciousness is a “stream of ideas” rather than elements that should be broken down into smaller parts :: William James

This founder of psychology was the first to open a laboratory for studying human behavior, and the first to call himself a “psychologist'“ :: Wilhelm Wundt

Founder of behaviorist psychology who argued that psychology was a science and should therefore only study observable, measurable behaviors, not thoughts or other internal or unconscious processes :: John B. Watson

This person’s research may be most responsible for the use of animals in experimental research as it showed that discoveries about animal biology and behavior could be applied to humans :: Charles Darwin

Schools and Careers

This degree is typically earned if study is continued for approximately 2 years after completing undergraduate studies :: master’s degree

A psychologist who uses information learned through research to make an actual change in society :: applied psychologist

This mental health professional completes medical school, and is therefore a medical doctor :: psychiatrist

This type of psychologist is most likely to help companies determine which questions to ask job candidates :: industrial/organizational psychologist

Degree needed in order to become a licensed, practicing psychologist in the state of Connecticut :: doctorate degree (Ph. D)

The scientific study of human and animal thought and behavior :: psychology

Fake science, fake psychology :: pseudopsychology

Looking for evidence that confirms your own beliefs, while ignoring evidence to the contrary :: confirmation bias

Psychological technique that asks people to look inside their minds and describe a sensory or perceptual experience :: introspection

A psychiatrist is far more likely than a psychologist to use this type of treatment for mental health issues :: medicine/drug therapy