Homogeneous region

Heterogeneous region 

Nodal or function region

Administrative region 

Classifications on the basis of stages of economic development 

On the basis of activities 

1- mineral region

2- manufacturing and congested regions 

3- administrative region 

Approaches of Measuring regional imbalances 

1- classical economist approaches 

2- marxist

3- Peroux  view

4-Myrdal’s view - trickle down and backwash effect.

5- Hirshman’s view - 

I

6- HDI -  life expectancy, education , standard of living .

 Types of regional disparities / imbalances 

1- global disparities - exists between nations or countries in terms of economy. Many countries are developing but still there is disparity among them .

2- inter- state disparities - between two or more states. Between Tamil Nadu and UP.

3- intra state disparities- within the state imbalances.  Western UP is more developed in comparison to eastern UP.

4- rural-urban disparities - pretty obvious.

Indicators to measure regional imbalances 

1- per capita income

2- agricultural development 

3- urbanisation 

4- Industrialisation

5-  population below poverty line- include data 

6- electricity consumption 

7- employment pattern - region having mote people in tertiary or secondary sectors. 

Importance of agriculture in regional planning 

1- provides the raw materials for secondary  and tertiary sector .

2- important contributor of GDP. Eg - Punjab , Haryana.

3- Higher crop productivity 

4- leads to employment  and is largest employment sector

5- Leads to capital formation 

6- export of agricultural products leads to foreign exchange .

7- Will lead to trade and transportation 

8- source of revenue for the govt . 

9- creates market for agricultural production 

10- Increases the purchasing powers of farmers . 

Demerits of modern agriculture 

1- Soil erosion

2- soil pollution 

3- the pesticides and fertilisers poison the food

4- mechanisation leads to unemployment 

5- Capital intensive 

Why some regions developed agriculturally and others don’t 

1- lack of irritation facilities in UP but not in Punjab and Haryana.