Unit 3 Diseases
Bacteria
Description
Unicellular
Prokaryotes
Reproduction: Sexually or Asexually
Shapes
Spiral
Rod
Sphere
Spread
Contact with Infected:
Humans
Fluids
Material/Surface
Treatment
Antibiotics - used to slow/stop the growth of bacteria
Rest & Fluids
Misuse of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance and cause bacteria to get stronger
NO VACCINES
Prevention
Wash Hands
Avoid contact with infected things/wash them before use
Examples
E.Coli
Salmonella
Streptococcus (Strep Throat)
Borrelia (Lyme Disease)
Virus
Description
Viruses are nonliving
made of a capsid = a protein coat containing nucleic acid
Hijacks cells and tricks enzymes & organelle into making more virus copies
Viruses need a host cell to reproduce - they are not considered alive
Spread
Coughing/sneezing
Contact with an infected surface
Getting blood from a contaminated source
Bug Bites
Treatment
Rest
Fluids
Anti Virals
No antibiotics
Prevention
Wash Hands
Avoid Contact with Infected things (INCLUDING HUMANS)
Yes Vaccines!!
Vaccines work by giving your immune system a “sneak peak” at how a microbe will attempt to attack and destroy your cells
Examples
Hiv
Influenza (flu)
Common Cold
Covid
Herpes
Chicken Pox
Reproduction
Viruses enter the cell and deploy their genetic material into the nucleus
The viral DNA inserts itself into the cell's DNA
The modified DNA sends instructions to make more copies of the virus
The process repeats over and over……
Fungi
Description
Eukaryotic
Non-photosynthetic organisms (they don’t go through photosynthesis, they have to eat food)
Mostly Multicellular
Reproduction: sexually or asexually (producing spores)
Spread
Spores ( genetic material surrounded by a protective coating that can be carried through the air or water to new sites)
Contact with infected surfaces/people
A warm, damp, dark environment
Treatment
Antifungal(cream and spray)
Keep the area dry and exposed
No vaccines and No antibiotes
Prevention
Wash hands
Keep clothing dry and aerated (don’t ball up your sweaty clothes and leave them in the bottom of the hamper for weeks)
Wear shower shoes or flip-flops in public pools or locker rooms
Examples
Athlete Foot
Ringworm
Black Mold
Fungal Meningitis
Parasites
Description
Can be protist(unicellular)/protozoa (animal, multicellular)
Feed on another organism - host
Evolved to be very specialized
Spread
Infested water
Ingested eggs or larvae
Undercooked Meats
Vectors - organisms that carry the parasite frame from one host to another
Treatment
Antiparasitic - kills parasite then absorbed or passed
Removal
Antibiotics? - Sometimes
Prevention
NO vaccines!!
Bug Spray
Clean water
Examples
Lice
Ticks
Epidemic & Pandemic
Disease Prevention Agencies
Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - is part of the government and keeps track of how many people are sick across the USA.
World Health Organization (WHO) - the international organization that keeps track of disease outbreaks
Outbreak
An outbreak is when a disease happens more than would usually be expected
If in a normal year, there were 10,000 cases of the flu in NC and in a single year there were 25,000 cases would be an outbreak
In a normal year, we have 0 cases of Ebola in NC, if in one year we had even 1 case it would be considered an outbreak because it is a contagious disease that can spread fast.
Two special cases of outbreak
Epidemic - an outbreak that affects a large area usually limited to a single continent
Pandemic - an outbreak covering multiple continents, impeding a greater number of people.
Extra
Carrier is when someone has an infectious disease but has no symptoms. |
---|
Unit 3 Diseases
Bacteria
Description
Unicellular
Prokaryotes
Reproduction: Sexually or Asexually
Shapes
Spiral
Rod
Sphere
Spread
Contact with Infected:
Humans
Fluids
Material/Surface
Treatment
Antibiotics - used to slow/stop the growth of bacteria
Rest & Fluids
Misuse of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance and cause bacteria to get stronger
NO VACCINES
Prevention
Wash Hands
Avoid contact with infected things/wash them before use
Examples
E.Coli
Salmonella
Streptococcus (Strep Throat)
Borrelia (Lyme Disease)
Virus
Description
Viruses are nonliving
made of a capsid = a protein coat containing nucleic acid
Hijacks cells and tricks enzymes & organelle into making more virus copies
Viruses need a host cell to reproduce - they are not considered alive
Spread
Coughing/sneezing
Contact with an infected surface
Getting blood from a contaminated source
Bug Bites
Treatment
Rest
Fluids
Anti Virals
No antibiotics
Prevention
Wash Hands
Avoid Contact with Infected things (INCLUDING HUMANS)
Yes Vaccines!!
Vaccines work by giving your immune system a “sneak peak” at how a microbe will attempt to attack and destroy your cells
Examples
Hiv
Influenza (flu)
Common Cold
Covid
Herpes
Chicken Pox
Reproduction
Viruses enter the cell and deploy their genetic material into the nucleus
The viral DNA inserts itself into the cell's DNA
The modified DNA sends instructions to make more copies of the virus
The process repeats over and over……
Fungi
Description
Eukaryotic
Non-photosynthetic organisms (they don’t go through photosynthesis, they have to eat food)
Mostly Multicellular
Reproduction: sexually or asexually (producing spores)
Spread
Spores ( genetic material surrounded by a protective coating that can be carried through the air or water to new sites)
Contact with infected surfaces/people
A warm, damp, dark environment
Treatment
Antifungal(cream and spray)
Keep the area dry and exposed
No vaccines and No antibiotes
Prevention
Wash hands
Keep clothing dry and aerated (don’t ball up your sweaty clothes and leave them in the bottom of the hamper for weeks)
Wear shower shoes or flip-flops in public pools or locker rooms
Examples
Athlete Foot
Ringworm
Black Mold
Fungal Meningitis
Parasites
Description
Can be protist(unicellular)/protozoa (animal, multicellular)
Feed on another organism - host
Evolved to be very specialized
Spread
Infested water
Ingested eggs or larvae
Undercooked Meats
Vectors - organisms that carry the parasite frame from one host to another
Treatment
Antiparasitic - kills parasite then absorbed or passed
Removal
Antibiotics? - Sometimes
Prevention
NO vaccines!!
Bug Spray
Clean water
Examples
Lice
Ticks
Epidemic & Pandemic
Disease Prevention Agencies
Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - is part of the government and keeps track of how many people are sick across the USA.
World Health Organization (WHO) - the international organization that keeps track of disease outbreaks
Outbreak
An outbreak is when a disease happens more than would usually be expected
If in a normal year, there were 10,000 cases of the flu in NC and in a single year there were 25,000 cases would be an outbreak
In a normal year, we have 0 cases of Ebola in NC, if in one year we had even 1 case it would be considered an outbreak because it is a contagious disease that can spread fast.
Two special cases of outbreak
Epidemic - an outbreak that affects a large area usually limited to a single continent
Pandemic - an outbreak covering multiple continents, impeding a greater number of people.
Extra
Carrier is when someone has an infectious disease but has no symptoms. |
---|