Health science exam 1

Standard Safety Rules Include...

Always hold handrails when using stairs, Never run in a hallway, Do not prop open fire safety doors, Store items in a safe manner, Obey evacuation routes posted in the facility

Code Red

Fire

Code Blue

Cardiac Arrest

Code Pink

Child Abduction

Code Orange

Hazardous Material Spill

Code Silver

Dangerous Person w/ weapon

Code Black

Bomb Threat

Disaster

any sudden event that brings great damage such as Terrosim, Catatrophic Accidents, Fires, Natural Diasters, Gun Violence

Patient Safety

always identify patient, explain procedure, never perform a procedure you have not been trained for, observe the patient carefully

Incident Reports

These should document both saftey and non-saftey releated occurances

OSHA requieres...

employers to educate workers on chemical hazards

Material Saftey Data Sheets (MSDS)

This will accompany every chemical in the workplace

Radiation Exposure

This can occur near any machine that uses radiation

Factors involved in the degree of radiation exposure

Amount, Duration, Distance, Type of Shielding

ALARA

As Low As Reasonably Achievable

Fire Can Occur When

3 Elements of the Fire Triangle are Present (Fuel, Heat, Oxygen)

RACE stands for...

Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish

Type A fire extinguisher

pressurized water for ordinary combustibles

Type B fire extinguisher

carbon dioxide (for flammable liquids)

Type C fire extinguisher

dry chemical (for electrical equipment)

Type D fire extinguisher

class D dry chemical (for combustible metals)

Type E fire extinguisher

multi-purpose dry chemical

Body mechancis

relate to proper use of body movements to prevent injury during the performance of physical tasks such as lifting and sitting

Ergonomics

maximal efficiency and prevent discomfort/injury

quality imporvement (QI)

polices that motivate healthcare facilities to improve service

Infection Control

battle to prevent the spread of disease

Microorganisms

bacteria, fungi and viruses

Aerobes

mircroorganisms (Oxygen)

Anaerobes

microorgnisms (Dont need oxygen)

Bacteria

small, single-celled organisms that can cause disease

Bacterial infections are treated by

antibotics

Resitance to Antibiotics can occur when...

antiboitcs are given when not needed or when patients doesnt take all prescribed antibotics are taken

Viruses

much smaller than bacteria and require a host-cell to reproduce

Vaccines are used to

to fight viral diseases

Fungi

can cause disease, including athletes foots and certain lung disease

Protozoa

are larger than viruses and depend on a host to survive and replicate

Parasites

are organisms that live in or another organisms

MRSA

an anitbiotic resistant that is difficult to treat

Chain of Infection

illustrates the sequence of events that allow pathogens to enter the body

Nosocomial

infections acquired in a health care facility

Best Way to prevent disease

Hand Hygiene

Asepsis

absence of bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms

Sanitization

removal of pathogens from on living to meet public health standards

Disinfection

the use of antimicrobial agents on nonliving objects or surfaces to destroy or deactivate microorganisms

Bloodborne pathogens

Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV.

Isolation

separates patients with certain diseases from each other

Airborne

moved or conveyed by or through air

Droplet

transmission via airborne droplets

Contact

touching or meeting; association; connection

Visual learners

those who learn through seeing visual representations of ideas and concepts

auditory learners

Those who learn best through hearing

Kinesthetic learners

those who learn through hands-on experience

time management

the process of planning and controlling the amount of time spent on specific activities to increase efficiency and productivity

5 C's of communication

clear, concise, consistent, credible, courteous

haring impaired patients

• face your paitent and speak directly with them

• Speak slowly and clearly in a normal tone of voice

visually impaired patients

• inform the patient on each step

• include them in discussions

patients with metal illness

• speak to the patient

• repeat instructions to guardian

Young patients

-offer support and praise

• talk to patient

Proxemics

the study of humans' use of space

active listening

being fully attentive and understand the speakers intent

professionalism

conduct and attitude required to be the best employee possible

Autocratic leader

• Leader makes decisions without reference to anyone else

• high degree of dependency o leader

• can de-motivate and alienate if over-bearing

Democratic Leader

• group decisions

Laisses-Faire Leader

-let it be -leadership shared by all

• motivational and people have control of working life

soft skills

personal characteristics that enable a person to have pleasant, effective interactions with others

patience

helps you interact calmly with coworkers and patients

tact

the ability to avoid giving offense through your words and actions

enthusiasm

an excited and positive attitude that you can bring to your work

flexibility

abiblity to change or adjust your attitude and behavior to meet particular needs

comapssion

deep awareness and concern for suffering and desire to relieve this suffering

empathy

act of identifying with and understanding another persons feelings or situation

verbal challenges

Hearing impairments Visual impairment Mental illness Aphasia (a collection of language disorders caused by brain damage)

apearance and hygeine

showers/baths, brush your teeth twice a day, and style your hair appropriately. Makeup should be conservative. Limit jewelry and keep fingernails clean and short.

organs of the cardiovascular system

heart and blood vessels

blood delivers....

oxygen and nutrients

systematic circulation

carries blood from the heart to the body and from the body to the heart

pulmonary circulation

carries blood from heart to lungs and from lungs to heart

arteries

large, thick-walled vessels that carry blood away from the heart

capillaries

tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that allow the exchange of gases and nutrients between the blood and the cells of the body

veins

Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart

endocardium

inner layer, lines heart chambers, smooth, reduces friction as blood passes through

Myocardium

middle layer,thick mucsle, contraction of layer pumps blood

pericardium

outer layer, reduces friction as heart beats

atria

recieving chambers of the heart

ventricles

pumping chambers of the heart

Blood flows through the heart....

vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta

diastolic pressure

Relaxation of the heart (low number)

Sysolic pressure

contraction of the heart (high number)

septum

Divides the right and left chambers of the heart

venules

smallest veins

blood pressure

measure of force exerted by blood against vessel walls

pulse

surge of blood cause by the heart contraction

respiration rate for newborns

30-60

respiration rate for adults

12-20

Hematopoiesis

formation of blood cells in bone marrow

plasma

Liquid part of blood

erthrocytes

red blood cells

leukocytes

white blood cells

platelets

blood clotting

type A blood

anti-B antibodies